This list includes 10 Diseases that start with Y, ranging from “Y chromosome microdeletion” to “Yusho disease”. They cover genetic, toxic, infectious and inflammatory conditions useful for quick clinical lookups and study.
Diseases that start with Y are medical conditions whose standard names begin with the letter Y. One notable example is Yusho disease, a 1968 mass poisoning in Japan linked to contaminated rice oil.
Below you’ll find the table with Disease, Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and Notes.
Disease: The disease name shows the standard clinical term so you can quickly identify and search the condition.
Symptoms: Key signs and symptoms condensed to two to four items so you recognize typical presentations at a glance.
Causes: Primary causes and major risk factors summarized in one or two lines to explain why the disease occurs.
Treatments: First-line therapies and common management options listed so you understand usual care and next steps.
Notes: Practical notes include referral advice, typical prognosis, or when to seek specialist care for the condition.
Diseases that start with Y
| Name | Synonyms | Symptoms | Causes & Treatments | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yellow fever | Yellow fever virus infection, YF, ICD-10 A95 | Sudden fever, jaundice, bleeding | Flavivirus via Aedes mosquitoes; vaccine prevention; supportive care, ICU for severe cases | Acute viral hemorrhagic fever in tropical regions causing jaundice and bleeding; vaccine-preventable and important for travelers and outbreak control. |
| Yaws | Treponema pertenue infection, endemic treponematosis | Painless skin ulcers, papillomas, bone pain | Bacterial (Treponema pertenue) spread by skin contact; single-dose azithromycin or penicillin | Neglected tropical disease causing skin and bone lesions in children; treatable and targeted for eradication by WHO. |
| Yersiniosis | Yersinia enterocolitica infection, Yersinia infection | Diarrhea (sometimes bloody), abdominal pain, fever | Foodborne Yersinia bacteria (often pork); supportive care, antibiotics if severe | Bacterial gastroenteritis causing abdominal pain and diarrhea; usually self-limited but can require antibiotics in severe or systemic cases. |
| Yellow nail syndrome | YNS | Yellow thick nails, chronic cough, lymphedema | Unknown, lymphatic dysfunction suspected; symptomatic respiratory and lymphedema management | Rare disorder of nails, lungs and lymphatics causing chronic respiratory problems and swelling; often chronic and managed symptomatically. |
| Yolk sac tumor | Endodermal sinus tumor, germ cell tumor | Rapid mass, pelvic/abdominal pain, high AFP | Malignant germ-cell tumor; chemotherapy and surgery, oncology referral | Aggressive germ-cell cancer seen in children and young adults, often chemo-sensitive and managed by specialized oncology teams. |
| Young’s syndrome | Bronchiectasis-azoospermia syndrome, Young syndrome | Chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, male infertility (azoospermia) | Unclear (post-infectious or genetic theories); treat respiratory disease, fertility referral | Rare condition combining chronic respiratory disease with male infertility; management focuses on lung health and reproductive options. |
| Y chromosome microdeletion | AZF deletion, Yq microdeletion | Infertility, very low sperm count, small testes | Microdeletions in Y chromosome affecting spermatogenesis; fertility specialist, assisted reproduction | Genetic cause of male infertility; testing informs prognosis and options such as IVF with sperm retrieval. |
| Yao syndrome | YAOS, NOD2-associated autoinflammatory disease | Recurrent fever, skin rash, joint pain, abdominal pain | Autoinflammatory NOD2 variants; immunomodulators, rheumatology referral | Recently characterized autoinflammatory disorder with relapsing fevers, skin and GI symptoms; treated by immune-modifying drugs under specialist care. |
| Yusho disease | PCB/PCDF rice-oil poisoning, Yusho incident | Skin discoloration, acne-like lesions, eye irritation | Mass exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls/dioxins in rice oil; supportive care, long-term monitoring | Historic 1968 mass poisoning in Japan from contaminated rice oil causing chronic systemic effects; important example of toxic-exposure illness. |
| Yamaguchi syndrome | Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, apical HCM | Chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations | Genetic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy variant; cardiology referral, beta-blockers, arrhythmia monitoring | Variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy affecting the heart apex; may cause symptoms and arrhythmia risk and requires cardiology management. |