This list includes 25 Diseases that start with E, from “Echinococcosis” to “Essential tremor”. Entries cover infectious, neurological, autoimmune, and genetic conditions useful for quick reference, study, or clinical triage.
Diseases that start with E are medical conditions whose accepted names begin with the letter E. Many are clinically significant; for example, Essential tremor affects millions and illustrates a widely seen neurological condition.
Below you’ll find the table with Disease, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments.
Disease: The official name helps you find specific conditions quickly and align entries with clinical notes or study topics.
Symptoms: Key signs and common symptoms let you recognize likely presentations and decide if further evaluation or urgent care is needed.
Causes: The main causes and top risk factors explain likely origins and guide your understanding of disease mechanisms and prevention.
Treatments: Typical first-line therapies, common management steps, and when to refer to a specialist for diagnosis or advanced care.
Diseases that start with E
| Name | ICD-10/ICD-11 Code(s) | Key Symptoms | Typical Treatment(s) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epilepsy | G40 | recurrent seizures, staring spells, convulsions | antiepileptic drugs, surgery, lifestyle changes | Chronic brain disorder causing repeated seizures from genetic or acquired causes; variable severity; can affect any age; seek care after first seizure or worsening control. |
| Eclampsia | O15 | seizures, very high blood pressure, proteinuria | magnesium sulfate, blood pressure control, prompt delivery | Life-threatening complication of pregnancy with seizures from severe preeclampsia; emergency treatment and delivery usually required. |
| Ectopic pregnancy | O00 | unilateral pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, missed period | methotrexate or surgical removal | Implantation outside the uterus (usually fallopian tube); can rupture and cause severe bleeding; urgent care required. |
| Emphysema | J43 | progressive breathlessness, chronic cough, reduced exercise tolerance | smoking cessation, bronchodilators, oxygen therapy | Destruction of air sacs in the lungs, usually from smoking; causes chronic shortness of breath and reduced quality of life. |
| Endocarditis | I33 | fever, heart murmur, fatigue, embolic symptoms | IV antibiotics, sometimes valve surgery | Infection of heart valves or lining causing fever and risk of emboli; serious condition needing hospital treatment. |
| Endometriosis | N80 | pelvic pain, painful periods, infertility | pain relief, hormonal therapy, laparoscopic surgery | Growth of uterine-like tissue outside the uterus causing chronic pelvic pain and fertility issues in reproductive-age people. |
| Epidermolysis bullosa | Q81 | very fragile skin, blisters, scarring | meticulous wound care, pain control, multidisciplinary support | Inherited group of disorders causing skin and mucous membrane fragility; lifelong care and specialist support often needed. |
| Ehlers-Danlos syndrome | Q79.6 | joint hypermobility, stretchy skin, chronic pain | physiotherapy, pain management, surgical repair for complications | Genetic connective tissue disorders causing loose joints and skin fragility; severity varies widely. |
| Epstein-Barr virus infection | B27 | fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, fatigue | rest, fluids, pain relief; rarely antivirals | Common viral infection causing infectious mononucleosis; usually self-limited but can cause prolonged fatigue. |
| Esophageal cancer | C15 | progressive swallowing difficulty, weight loss, chest discomfort | surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy | Cancer of the esophagus; risk increased by smoking, alcohol, chronic reflux; prognosis depends on stage. |
| Esophagitis | K20 | heartburn, chest pain, difficulty swallowing | acid suppression, diet changes, treat infection | Inflammation of the esophagus from reflux, infection or immune causes; treatment targets cause and symptom relief. |
| Eczema (Atopic dermatitis) | L20 | itchy dry skin, red rash, flares | emollients, topical corticosteroids, trigger avoidance | Chronic inflammatory skin condition often starting in childhood; flares controlled with skin care and anti-inflammatory treatments. |
| Essential hypertension | I10 | high blood pressure (often no symptoms) | lifestyle changes, antihypertensive medications | Very common chronic condition increasing heart and stroke risk; long-term control reduces complications. |
| Essential thrombocythemia | D47.3 | high platelet counts, headaches, clotting or bleeding | low-dose aspirin, cytoreductive therapy | Bone marrow disorder causing excessive platelets and thrombosis risk; monitored and treated to prevent clots. |
| Erysipelas | A46 | sharply demarcated red swollen skin, fever | oral or IV antibiotics | Superficial bacterial skin infection (usually Streptococcus) causing acute redness and systemic symptoms; treat promptly. |
| Enteric fever | A01 | prolonged fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation | antibiotics, fluids, supportive care | Systemic infection (typhoid/paratyphoid) from Salmonella species; common where sanitation is poor; can be serious if untreated. |
| Enterobiasis | B80 | perianal itching (worse at night), sleep disturbance | antiparasitic medication, hygiene measures | Pinworm infection common in children; causes itching but is easily treated and household contacts often treated too. |
| Echinococcosis | B67 | liver/lung cysts, abdominal pain, mass | antiparasitic drugs, surgical removal of cysts | Parasitic tapeworm infection (hydatid disease) causing cysts, often requiring surgery and long-term follow-up. |
| Empyema (pleural empyema) | J86 | fever, chest pain, cough, breathlessness | antibiotics, chest drainage, sometimes surgery | Collection of pus in the pleural space, usually after pneumonia; requires drainage and antibiotics. |
| Epiglottitis | J05.1 | severe sore throat, drooling, difficulty breathing | airway management, IV antibiotics | Inflammation of the epiglottis that can rapidly obstruct the airway; medical emergency needing urgent care. |
| Epidural hematoma | S06.4 | severe headache, loss of consciousness, focal weakness | emergency neurosurgery, supportive care | Bleeding between skull and dura after head trauma; can rapidly worsen and requires urgent surgical evacuation. |
| Endophthalmitis | H44.0 | eye pain, redness, vision loss | intravitreal antibiotics, sometimes vitrectomy | Severe internal eye infection after surgery or trauma; urgent ophthalmic treatment needed to preserve vision. |
| Encephalitis | G04 | fever, confusion, seizures, headache | antivirals/antibiotics, supportive care | Inflammation of the brain, often viral; ranges from mild to life-threatening; seek urgent care for neurological changes. |
| Encephalopathy | G93.4 | confusion, altered consciousness, memory problems | treat underlying cause, supportive care | General term for brain dysfunction from metabolic, toxic, infectious or hypoxic causes; severity and treatment depend on cause. |
| Essential tremor | G25.0 | action tremor of hands, head shaking, worsened by stress | beta-blockers, primidone, deep brain stimulation | Common movement disorder causing action tremor that can affect daily tasks; often progressive but treatable. |
Descriptions
Epilepsy
Eclampsia
Ectopic pregnancy
Emphysema
Endocarditis
Endometriosis
Epidermolysis bullosa
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Epstein-Barr virus infection
Esophageal cancer
Esophagitis
Eczema (Atopic dermatitis)
Essential hypertension
Essential thrombocythemia
Erysipelas
Enteric fever
Enterobiasis
Echinococcosis
Empyema (pleural empyema)
Epiglottitis
Epidural hematoma
Endophthalmitis
Encephalitis
Encephalopathy
Essential tremor