This list includes 41 Diseases that start with G, from “G6PD deficiency (Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency)” to “Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)”. The entries cover genetic, infectious, and autoimmune conditions commonly seen in clinical practice. You can use it for quick lookups, study, or to start deeper research on specific conditions.
Diseases that start with G are human illnesses whose common names begin with the letter G. Some, like G6PD deficiency and Guillain–Barré syndrome, have influenced diagnostics and public awareness.
Below you’ll find the table with Disease, Symptoms, Causes & risk factors, Treatments, and Notes.
Disease: The official disease name shown so you can identify conditions and match records across clinical resources.
Symptoms: Key signs and symptoms for quick recognition and to decide whether you should seek more information.
Causes & risk factors: Primary causes and common risk factors summarized briefly, so you understand who is most at risk.
Treatments: Typical first-line treatments and management options, with a short note on when specialist referral is usually appropriate.
Notes: Short practical notes, prevalence clues, or alternate names to help you cross-reference and explore further.
Diseases that start with G
| Name | ICD-10/ICD-11 codes | Key symptoms | Primary causes & Typical treatments (short) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gallstone disease (Cholelithiasis) | K80 | RUQ pain, nausea, jaundice | Cholesterol/bilirubin stones; cholecystectomy, ERCP, ursodeoxycholic acid |
| Gallbladder cancer | C23 | RUQ pain, jaundice, weight loss | Chronic gallstones, age; surgery, chemotherapy, palliative care |
| Gas gangrene (Clostridial myonecrosis) | A48.0 | severe pain, swelling, crepitus, fever | Clostridial wound infection; emergency debridement, antibiotics, hyperbaric oxygen |
| Gangrene | I96,R02 | blackened tissue, severe pain, fever | Ischemia or infection; debridement, antibiotics, revascularization, possible amputation |
| Gastritis | K29 | epigastric pain, nausea, bloating | H. pylori, NSAIDs, alcohol; PPI, H. pylori eradication |
| Gastric ulcer | K25 | burning stomach pain, nausea, bleeding | H. pylori, NSAIDs; PPI, H. pylori eradication, surgery if perforated |
| Gastric cancer | C16 | weight loss, early satiety, abdominal pain | H. pylori, diet, smoking; surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy |
| Gastroenteritis | A09 | diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal cramps | Viral or bacterial infection; rehydration, symptomatic care, antibiotics if bacterial |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) | K21 | heartburn, acid regurgitation, chest discomfort | LES dysfunction, obesity; lifestyle, PPI, surgery if refractory |
| Gaucher disease | E75.2 | enlarged spleen, anemia, bone pain | GBA enzyme mutation; enzyme replacement, substrate reduction therapy |
| G6PD deficiency (Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency) | D55.0 | jaundice, dark urine, fatigue | X‑linked enzyme deficiency triggered by oxidants; avoid triggers, transfuse if severe |
| Genital herpes | A60 | painful genital blisters, itching, dysuria | HSV infection; antiviral therapy (acyclovir), symptom care |
| Genital warts (Condyloma acuminatum) | A63.0 | small bumps, itching, bleeding | HPV infection; cryotherapy, topical agents, surgical removal, vaccination prevention |
| Genital candidiasis (Vulvovaginal candidiasis) | B37.3 | vaginal itching, thick white discharge, soreness | Candida overgrowth; topical or oral antifungals |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | O24.4 | increased thirst, frequent urination, large fetus | Pregnancy insulin resistance; diet, glucose monitoring, insulin if needed |
| Gestational trophoblastic disease | O01–O02 | vaginal bleeding, very high hCG, enlarged uterus | Abnormal placental tissue growth; uterine evacuation, methotrexate, chemotherapy if malignant |
| Giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis) | M31.6 | new headache, jaw pain, vision changes | Large-vessel granulomatous inflammation; high-dose steroids urgently |
| Giant cell myocarditis | N/A | heart failure, arrhythmia, chest pain | Likely autoimmune; immunosuppression, cardiac support, possible transplant |
| Glioblastoma | C71.9 | headache, seizures, focal weakness | Primary malignant glial tumor; surgery, radiotherapy, temozolomide |
| Glaucoma | H40 | peripheral vision loss, eye pain, halos | Increased intraocular pressure, age; eye drops, laser, surgery |
| Glomerulonephritis | N00–N01 | blood in urine, swelling, high blood pressure | Immune causes or infection; steroids, immunosuppression, dialysis if needed |
| Glomerulosclerosis | N/A | proteinuria, swelling, high blood pressure | Diabetes, hypertension or immune causes; BP control, immunosuppression, dialysis |
| Goodpasture syndrome (anti‑GBM disease) | M31.0 | coughing blood, blood in urine, breathlessness | Anti‑GBM antibodies; plasmapheresis, corticosteroids, immunosuppression |
| Gonorrhea | A54 | urethral discharge, painful urination, pelvic pain | Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection; ceftriaxone, treat partners |
| Goiter | E04 | neck swelling, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness | Iodine deficiency, thyroid disease; hormone therapy, surgery if large |
| Graft‑versus‑host disease (GVHD) | T86.0/D89.8 | rash, diarrhea, liver dysfunction | Donor immune cells attack host after transplant; immunosuppression, supportive care |
| Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) | M31.3 | sinusitis, cough, kidney problems | ANCA-associated vasculitis; high-dose immunosuppression |
| Granuloma annulare | L92.0 | ring-shaped skin bumps, mild itching | Unknown cause; topical steroids, often self-limited |
| Granulomatous mastitis | N61 | breast lump, pain, redness | Likely inflammatory/autoimmune; steroids, surgery, antibiotics sometimes |
| Graves’ disease | E05.0 | weight loss, tremor, eye bulging | Autoimmune TSH receptor antibodies; antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine, surgery |
| Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) | G61.0 | progressive weakness, tingling, breathing difficulty | Post-infectious autoimmune neuropathy; IVIG, plasmapheresis, supportive care |
| Giardiasis | A07.1 | watery diarrhea, bloating, greasy stools | Giardia intestinalis infection; metronidazole or tinidazole, hydration |
| Gingivitis | K05.0 | bleeding gums, swollen gums, bad breath | Plaque bacterial infection; dental cleaning, improved oral hygiene |
| Glucagonoma | C25.4 | necrotic skin rash, hyperglycemia, weight loss | Alpha-cell pancreatic tumor; surgical resection, somatostatin analogues |
| Glycogen storage disease | E74.0 | hypoglycemia, enlarged liver, muscle weakness | Inherited enzyme defects; dietary management, cornstarch, enzyme therapy for some |
| Glanzmann thrombasthenia | D69.3/N/A | mucosal bleeding, easy bruising, prolonged bleeding | Inherited platelet aggregation defect; platelet transfusion, antifibrinolytics, supportive care |
| Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker disease (GSS) | A81.8 | progressive ataxia, dementia, movement problems | Inherited prion disease; supportive care only |
| Geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis) | N/A | smooth red tongue patches, mild burning | Unknown cause; topical therapy for symptoms, usually harmless |
| Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) | F41.1 | excessive worry, restlessness, sleep problems | Genetic and environmental factors; CBT, SSRIs, therapy |
| Giant cell tumor of bone | N/A | localized bone pain, swelling, limited motion | Unknown; curettage, surgical excision, denosumab |
| Gastric volvulus | N/A | severe upper abdominal pain, vomiting, inability to pass NG tube | Stomach rotation often after anatomical defect; emergency surgery |
Descriptions
Gallstone disease (Cholelithiasis)
Common gallbladder stones causing biliary pain and complications; may need surgery or bile-duct procedures.
Gallbladder cancer
Aggressive cancer often diagnosed late; surgery offers best chance but prognosis varies.
Gas gangrene (Clostridial myonecrosis)
Rapidly spreading muscle infection after trauma; urgent surgery and antibiotics required.
Gangrene
Tissue death from poor blood flow or infection; early treatment reduces complications.
Gastritis
Inflammation of the stomach lining causing pain or indigestion; often treated with medicines and lifestyle change.
Gastric ulcer
Peptic ulcer in the stomach lining; can cause bleeding or perforation if untreated.
Gastric cancer
Stomach cancer with variable symptoms; early detection improves outcomes.
Gastroenteritis
Common infectious inflammation of the gut; usually self-limited but dehydration risk.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Chronic reflux causing symptoms and potential esophageal damage; PPIs often effective.
Gaucher disease
Genetic lysosomal storage disorder with variable severity; treatments can reduce organ enlargement and bone disease.
G6PD deficiency (Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency)
Inherited hemolytic anemia common in some populations; usually managed by avoiding triggers.
Genital herpes
Common sexually transmitted viral infection causing recurrent genital sores; antivirals shorten outbreaks.
Genital warts (Condyloma acuminatum)
Benign HPV-related growths on genital skin; treatments remove lesions but not the virus.
Genital candidiasis (Vulvovaginal candidiasis)
Common yeast infection causing itching and discharge; effective antifungal treatments available.
Gestational diabetes mellitus
High blood sugar during pregnancy; managed to reduce risks to mother and baby.
Gestational trophoblastic disease
Spectrum from benign mole to malignant tumors; hCG monitoring essential after treatment.
Giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis)
Inflammatory disease of older adults that can cause sudden vision loss; prompt steroids prevent blindness.
Giant cell myocarditis
Rare, rapidly progressive myocarditis causing severe heart dysfunction; early aggressive therapy may be lifesaving.
Glioblastoma
Aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis; multidisciplinary treatment may extend survival.
Glaucoma
Group of eye diseases causing optic nerve damage; early detection preserves vision.
Glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of kidney filters causing blood/protein in urine; treatment depends on cause.
Glomerulosclerosis
Scarring of kidney filters leading to chronic kidney disease and progressive loss of function.
Goodpasture syndrome (anti‑GBM disease)
Autoimmune attack on lungs and kidneys causing bleeding and kidney failure; early treatment critical.
Gonorrhea
Common sexually transmitted bacterial infection; rising antibiotic resistance is an important concern.
Goiter
Enlarged thyroid gland with various causes; evaluate for function and nodules.
Graft‑versus‑host disease (GVHD)
Complication of stem-cell transplant causing skin, gut, liver problems; early treatment vital.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)
Systemic vasculitis affecting lungs, kidneys and sinuses; prompt therapy reduces organ damage.
Granuloma annulare
Benign skin condition producing annular lesions, often cosmetic and self-resolving.
Granulomatous mastitis
Inflammatory breast condition that can mimic cancer; specialist evaluation is often needed.
Graves’ disease
Common cause of hyperthyroidism; treatable but monitoring required for relapses and eye disease.
Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)
Rapidly progressive paralysis that can be life-threatening; early hospital care and respiratory support often necessary.
Giardiasis
Parasitic intestinal infection from contaminated water; common worldwide and treatable.
Gingivitis
Early gum disease reversible with professional cleaning and good home care.
Glucagonoma
Rare neuroendocrine tumor causing characteristic rash and diabetes; treatment centered on tumor control.
Glycogen storage disease
Group of genetic disorders affecting glycogen metabolism; presentation and treatment vary by type.
Glanzmann thrombasthenia
Rare inherited bleeding disorder from absent platelet aggregation; management focuses on bleeding control.
Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker disease (GSS)
Very rare genetic prion disorder causing progressive neurodegeneration and fatal outcome.
Geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis)
Benign tongue condition with map-like patches; reassurance and symptomatic treatment often suffice.
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Common anxiety disorder causing chronic, excessive worry; effective treatments include therapy and medication.
Giant cell tumor of bone
Usually benign but locally aggressive tumor often near the knee; can recur without adequate treatment.
Gastric volvulus
Acute twisting of the stomach causing obstruction and ischemia; surgical emergency requiring prompt intervention.