Explore the complete list of 145 scientifically recognized viruses that start with the letter “A.” These viruses come from many different families and affect a wide range of hosts, including humans, animals, plants, fungi, and even bacteria. Many of these viruses cause diseases, while others serve important roles in ecosystems or research. Some, like the Adenoviridae family, directly impact human health, while others affect agriculture or animal populations, showing the broad diversity and significance of viruses beginning with “A.”
Below is the detailed table listing these viruses for your reference and study.
Virus Name This column lists the official name of each virus or virus group, providing a clear identifier.
Classification Here you will find the virus family and genus or group it belongs to, helping you understand its scientific categorization.
Affects Humans? This column indicates whether the virus infects humans, giving a quick answer to its potential public health relevance.
Symptoms Describes the common signs or illnesses caused by the virus in its primary hosts, helping you recognize its impact.
Transmission Method Explains how the virus spreads from host to host or through the environment, essential for understanding infection risks.
Descripción Provides a brief summary of the virus’s significance, typical effects, host range, and any unique traits.
Viruses that start with A
| Virus Name | Classification | Affects Humans? | Symptoms | Transmission Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abaca bunchy top virus | Nanoviridae, Babuvirus | No | Stunted growth, yellowing, “bunchy top” appearance in abaca and banana plants. | Aphids (Pentalonia nigronervosa) |
| Abelson murine leukemia virus | Retroviridae, Gammaretrovirus | No | Induces leukemia and lymphomas in mice, used in research to study cancer. | Not naturally transmitted; primarily laboratory-derived, related to Moloney murine leukemia virus. |
| Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus | Mimiviridae, Mimivirus | Potentially | Pneumonia-like symptoms in humans (rare); infects amoebae, causing lysis. | Not well-understood for humans; infects amoebae in aquatic environments. |
| Acanthamoeba polyphaga moumouvirus | Mimiviridae, Moumouvirus | Potentially | Pneumonia-like symptoms in humans (rare); infects amoebae, causing lysis. | Not well-understood for humans; infects amoebae in aquatic environments. |
| Acanthocystis turfacea Chlorella virus 1 | Phycodnaviridae, Chlorovirus | No | Lysis and death of Chlorella-like algae. | Waterborne, direct infection of algal cells in aquatic environments. |
| Achromobacter phage ABp1 | Bacteriophage (Phage) | No | Infects and lyses Achromobacter bacteria, potentially for therapeutic use. | Direct infection of host bacteria in environmental settings. |
| Achromobacter phage phiAA2 | Bacteriophage (Phage) | No | Infects and lyses Achromobacter bacteria, potentially for therapeutic use. | Direct infection of host bacteria in environmental settings. |
| Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans phage AaPhi23 | Bacteriophage (Phage) | No | Infects and lyses Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans bacteria. | Direct infection of host bacteria in environmental settings, including oral cavity. |
| Acyrthosiphon pisum densovirus | Parvoviridae, Densovirus | No | Lethargy, paralysis, reduced reproduction, and death in pea aphids. | Oral ingestion by aphids through contaminated food or direct contact. |
| Adeno-associated virus 1 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 10 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 11 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 12 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 13 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 2 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 3 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 4 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 5 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 6 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 7 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 8 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus 9 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus rh.74 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adeno-associated virus rhesus.10 | Parvoviridae, Dependoparvovirus | No | Generally non-pathogenic; requires a “helper” virus to replicate effectively. | Not typically associated with disease transmission; used in gene therapy research. |
| Adenoviridae | Viral Family | Yes | Respiratory illnesses (common cold, bronchitis, pneumonia), conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis. | Airborne droplets, direct contact, fecal-oral route, contaminated water. |
| Adelphosomus nectarinella nudivirus | Nudiviridae | No | Infects the insect Adelphosomus nectarinella, potentially causing mortality. | Direct infection of host insects. |
| Aedes aegypti densovirus | Parvoviridae, Densovirus | No | Lethargy, reduced appetite, developmental abnormalities, and death in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | Oral ingestion by mosquito larvae through contaminated water. |
| Aaphthovirus | Picornaviridae, Aphthovirus (Genus) | Yes (no human disease from FMDV) | Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in cloven-hoofed animals; no human disease from FMDV, but related human enteroviruses exist. | Direct contact, airborne, contaminated animals/products, fomites (highly contagious in animals). |
| African green monkey poliovirus | Picornaviridae, Enterovirus | No | Causes paralytic disease in African green monkeys (simian equivalent of poliovirus). | Fecal-oral route among monkey populations. |
| African horse sickness virus | Reoviridae, Orbivirus | No | Fever, respiratory distress, swelling, fluid accumulation, high mortality (up to 90%) in equids. | Culicoides midges (biting insects) are primary vectors. |
| African swine fever virus | Asfarviridae, Asfivirus | No | High fever, skin hemorrhages, organ damage, high mortality (up to 100%) in domestic and wild pigs. | Direct contact, contaminated feed, ticks (Ornithodoros), fomites. |
| Aglaonema mosaic virus | Potyviridae, Potyvirus | No | Mosaic patterns, leaf distortion, stunted growth in Aglaonema plants. | Aphids, mechanical transmission (e.g., pruning tools). |
| Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus A | Baculoviridae, Alphabaculovirus | No | Lethargy, liquefaction of internal organs, and death in Agrotis segetum larvae (turnip moth). | Oral ingestion by larvae of contaminated plant material. |
| Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus B | Baculoviridae, Alphabaculovirus | No | Lethargy, liquefaction of internal organs, and death in Agrotis segetum larvae (turnip moth). | Oral ingestion by larvae of contaminated plant material. |
| Aichivirus A | Picornaviridae, Kobuvirus | Yes | Gastroenteritis, diarrhea, vomiting, fever. | Fecal-oral route, potentially contaminated food or water. |
| Akabane virus | Peribunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus | No | Arthrogryposis, hydranencephaly, and other congenital malformations in livestock (cattle, sheep, goats) fetuses. | Mosquitoes and Culicoides midges (biting insects) are vectors. |
| Akolbenc virus | Nairoviridae, Orthonairovirus | No | Not well-characterized symptoms; detected in ticks, potential animal pathogen. | Tick bite (Ixodes persulcatus). |
| Alabama argillacea nucleopolyhedrovirus | Baculoviridae, Alphabaculovirus | No | Lethargy, liquefaction of internal organs, and death in cotton leafworm larvae. | Oral ingestion by larvae of contaminated plant material. |
| Alangium praetermissum cryptic virus 1 | Partitiviridae, Alphapartitivirus | No | Generally asymptomatic or mild symptoms in its plant host (Alangium praetermissum). | Vertical transmission (through seeds/pollen); no known vectors. |
| Alaska virus | Orthomyxoviridae, Alphainfluenzavirus | No | Detected in birds, likely causes mild or asymptomatic respiratory illness in avian hosts. | Avian influenza viruses typically spread via respiratory droplets or fecal contamination in birds. |
| Alfalfa mosaic virus | Bromoviridae, Alfamovirus | No | Mosaic patterns, yellowing, leaf malformation, and stunted growth in various crops (alfalfa, potato, tobacco). | Aphids, seed-borne, mechanical transmission. |
| Alhama virus | Phenuiviridae, Phlebovirus | No | Not well-characterized; detected in sandflies, likely an animal pathogen. | Sandfly bite (Phlebotomus sergenti). |
| Alikalia virus | Picornaviridae, Cardiovirus | No | Not well-characterized; detected in rodents and bats, likely an animal pathogen. | Direct contact or environmental exposure to rodent/bat excreta. |
| Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus | Flaviviridae, Flavivirus | Yes | Fever, headache, muscle pain, joint pain, nausea, vomiting, hemorrhagic manifestations (bleeding). | Tick bite, direct contact with infected livestock (camels, sheep, goats) or their products. |
| Alligator herpesvirus 1 | Alliherpesviridae, Scutavirus | No | Skin lesions, oral lesions, internal organ damage, and mortality in young alligators. | Direct contact between infected and susceptible alligators. |
| Allium mosaic virus | Potyviridae, Potyvirus | No | Yellow streaking, mosaic patterns, stunted growth, and reduced bulb size in onion, garlic, and leek plants. | Aphids, mechanical transmission, infected propagation material. |
| Aloe latent virus | Tymoviridae, Tymovirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic mosaic symptoms in Aloe species, often overlooked. | Mechanical transmission, potentially sap-feeding insects. |
| Aloe vera mosaic virus | Potyviridae, Potyvirus | No | Mosaic patterns, yellowing, and distortion of leaves in Aloe vera plants. | Aphids, mechanical transmission. |
| Alphacryptovirus | Partitiviridae, Alphacryptovirus (Genus) | No | Often asymptomatic or causes mild symptoms in plant hosts. | Vertical transmission (through seeds/pollen); no known vectors. |
| Alphadeltavirus | Reoviridae, Deltareovirus (Genus) | No | Symptoms vary by host; infects insects, some related to plant diseases. | Not directly transmitted to humans; vector-borne in insect/plant hosts. |
| Alphainfluenzavirus | Orthomyxoviridae, Alphainfluenzavirus (Genus) | Yes | Influenza (flu): fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, fatigue, headache. | Airborne (respiratory droplets), direct contact with contaminated surfaces. |
| Alphamesonivirus | Mesoniviridae, Alphamesonivirus (Genus) | No | Infects mosquitoes, potentially affecting mosquito populations. | Direct infection within mosquito populations (e.g., vertical transmission). |
| Alphanodavirus | Nodaviridae, Alphanodavirus (Genus) | Yes (some species) | Nervous necrosis in fish; some can infect insects or cause asymptomatic human infections. | Fish: waterborne; Insects: oral; Human: unclear, rarely detected without symptoms. |
| Alphapapillomavirus | Papillomaviridae, Alphapapillomavirus (Genus) | Yes | Warts, papillomas; some types cause cervical, anal, oral, and other cancers (e.g., HPV 16, 18). | Direct skin-to-skin contact, sexual contact (common). |
| Alphaparvovirus | Parvoviridae, Alphaparvovirus (Genus) | Yes (some species) | Gastroenteritis (e.g., B19 virus in humans, causing Fifth disease), anemia, reproductive issues. | Respiratory droplets (human B19), fecal-oral, direct contact (animal parvoviruses). |
| Alphapartitivirus | Partitiviridae, Alphapartitivirus (Genus) | No | Often asymptomatic or mild symptoms in fungi and plants; some cause mycoviral symptoms. | Vertical transmission (through spores/seeds); no known vectors. |
| Alphapolyomavirus | Polyomaviridae, Alphapolyomavirus (Genus) | Yes (some species) | Typically asymptomatic in humans (e.g., Merkel cell polyomavirus, BK virus); can cause skin cancer, kidney issues in immunosuppressed. | Unclear, possibly respiratory, direct contact; ubiquitous in human populations. |
| Alpharhabdovirus | Rhabdoviridae, Alpharhabdovirus (Genus) | No (some related species affect humans) | Varies widely by host: rabies in mammals, hemorrhagic septicemia in fish, plant diseases. | Varies: animal bite (rabies), waterborne (fish), insect vectors (plants). |
| Alphasphaerolipovirus | Sphaerolipoviridae, Alphasphaerolipovirus (Genus) | No | Infects thermophilic archaea; causes lysis of host cells. | Direct infection of archaeal cells in extreme environments. |
| Alphatogavirus | Togaviridae, Alphatogavirus (Genus) | Yes | Fevers, rash, arthritis (e.g., Chikungunya, Ross River virus); encephalitis (e.g., Eastern Equine Encephalitis). | Mosquito bites (arthropod-borne). |
| Alphatorquevirus | Anelloviridae, Alphatorquevirus (Genus) | Yes | Generally asymptomatic in humans; ubiquitous in human populations. | Unclear; likely respiratory, direct contact, or fecal-oral transmission. |
| Alphatriclavirus | Triclaviridae, Alphatriclavirus (Genus) | No | Infects fungi, potentially affecting fungal growth and virulence. | Intracellular transmission within fungal hyphae or through spores. |
| Amami virus | Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus | No | Not well-characterized; detected in mosquitoes, likely an animal pathogen. | Mosquito bite. |
| Amalgaviridae | Viral Family | No | Infects plants and fungi, often asymptomatic or causing mild symptoms. | Vertical transmission (through seeds/spores); unclear if vector-borne. |
| Ambrosia artemisiifolia cryptic virus 1 | Partitiviridae, Deltapartitivirus | No | Generally asymptomatic in its plant host (common ragweed). | Vertical transmission (through seeds/pollen); no known vectors. |
| Americana virus | Reoviridae, Orbivirus | No | Causes epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) in deer and other ruminants. | Culicoides midges (biting insects) are vectors. |
| Ambidensovirus | Parvoviridae, Ambidensovirus (Genus) | No | Infects insects, potentially causing mortality or developmental issues. | Oral ingestion by insects; can also be transmitted vertically. |
| Ampullavirus | Ampullaviridae, Ampullavirus (Genus) | No | Infects hyperthermophilic archaea, causing lysis. | Direct infection of host archaeal cells in extreme environments. |
| Anadara virus | Birnaviridae, Aquabirnavirus | No | Not well-characterized; detected in shellfish, potential pathogen for marine invertebrates. | Waterborne transmission within marine environments. |
| Anelloviridae | Viral Family | Yes | Generally asymptomatic in humans; ubiquitous in human populations globally. | Unclear; thought to be respiratory droplets, direct contact, or fecal-oral route; persists for life. |
| Anellovirus | Anelloviridae, Anellovirus (Genus) | Yes | Generally asymptomatic in humans; ubiquitous in human populations globally. | Unclear; thought to be respiratory droplets, direct contact, or fecal-oral route; persists for life. |
| Anhui virus | Bunyaviridae, Orthobunyavirus | No | Detected in mosquitoes, likely affects animals, potential for human spillover. | Mosquito bite. |
| Anopheles associated cypovirus | Reoviridae, Cypovirus | No | Infects Anopheles mosquitoes, potentially causing mortality or reduced fitness. | Oral ingestion by mosquito larvae through contaminated food/water. |
| Anphevirus | Bunyaviridae, Anphevirus (Genus) | No | Detected in bats, specific symptoms not well-characterized; potential animal pathogen. | Unclear; likely direct contact or environmental exposure in bat populations. |
| Antaresvirus | Nairoviridae, Orthonairovirus | No | Detected in ticks, likely affects animals, specific symptoms not well-characterized. | Tick bite. |
| Antelope cervine herpesvirus 2 | Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus | No | Causes mild or subclinical infections in various antelope species. | Direct contact (e.g., saliva, nasal secretions). |
| Antelope zosteriform disease virus | Herpesviridae, Varicellovirus | No | Causes skin lesions and neurological signs in antelope, similar to shingles. | Direct contact. |
| Antheraea pernyi cypovirus | Reoviridae, Cypovirus | No | Infects Antheraea pernyi (Chinese oak silkworm), causing disease and mortality. | Oral ingestion by larvae of contaminated food. |
| Anthurium ringspot virus | Potyviridae, Potyvirus | No | Chlorotic ringspots, mottling, and leaf distortion in Anthurium plants. | Aphids, mechanical transmission. |
| Apaviridae | Viral Family | No | Infects various arthropods (insects, crustaceans); symptoms vary by host. | Oral ingestion by arthropods; vertical transmission. |
| Aphthovirus | Picornaviridae, Aphthovirus (Genus) | Yes (no human disease from FMDV) | Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in cloven-hoofed animals; no human disease from FMDV, but related human enteroviruses exist. | Direct contact, airborne, contaminated animals/products, fomites (highly contagious in animals). |
| Apis mellifera filamentous virus | Nyamiviridae, Oryzavirus | No | Causes chronic paralysis and mortality in honey bees, affecting colony health. | Oral transmission within bee colonies, potentially also through bee products. |
| Apis mellifera tombus-like virus | Tombusviridae (related) | No | Not well-characterized; detected in honey bees, potential impact on bee health. | Unclear; potentially oral transmission within bee colonies. |
| Apium graveolens virus Y | Potyviridae, Potyvirus | No | Mosaic, mottling, and stunted growth in celery (Apium graveolens) plants. | Aphids, mechanical transmission. |
| Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus | Betaflexiviridae, Trichovirus | No | Chlorotic spots, mottling, ringspots, and leaf distortion in apple trees and other rosaceous plants. | Grafting, mechanical transmission, seed-borne (less common). |
| Apple mosaic virus | Bromoviridae, Ilarvirus | No | Chlorotic or necrotic ringspots, mosaic patterns, and leaf distortion in apple trees. | Mechanical transmission (e.g., pruning tools), grafting, pollen transmission. |
| Apple stem grooving virus | Betaflexiviridae, Capillovirus | No | Stem grooving, brittle bark, and reduced vigor in apple trees, also affects other fruit trees. | Grafting, mechanical transmission. |
| Apple stem pitting virus | Betaflexiviridae, Foveavirus | No | Stem pitting, dimpling, and reduced growth in apple and pear trees. | Grafting, mechanical transmission. |
| Apricot latent virus | Flexiviridae, Capillovirus | No | Often asymptomatic or mild symptoms in apricot and related fruit trees. | Grafting, mechanical transmission. |
| Aquabirnavirus | Birnaviridae, Aquabirnavirus (Genus) | No | Causes infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) and other diseases in fish and shellfish. | Waterborne transmission (horizontal), vertical transmission (egg/sperm). |
| Arenaviridae | Viral Family | Yes | Hemorrhagic fevers (e.g., Lassa fever, Junin fever), fever, muscle aches, bleeding. | Contact with rodent urine/feces (inhalation, ingestion), direct contact with infected rodents, person-to-person. |
| Arctic charr reovirus | Reoviridae, Orthoreovirus | No | Causes swim bladder inflammation and high mortality in Arctic charr. | Waterborne transmission among fish. |
| Arctic lamprey polyomavirus 1 | Polyomaviridae, Polyomavirus | No | Infects Arctic lampreys, specific symptoms not well-characterized. | Unclear; likely direct contact among lampreys. |
| Areca palm necrotic spindle-streak virus | Rhabdoviridae, Cytorhabdovirus | No | Necrotic streaks, spindle-shaped lesions, and decline in Areca palm trees. | Unknown vector, possibly plant hoppers. |
| Argentine ant virus | Dicistroviridae, Iflavirus | No | Lethargy, reduced longevity, and increased mortality in Argentine ants. | Oral transmission within ant colonies, possibly also by contact. |
| Arizona elegans herpesvirus | Herpesviridae, Chelonivirus | No | Infects Arizona elegans snakes, specific symptoms not well-characterized. | Direct contact among snakes. |
| Arsenale virus | Phenuiviridae, Phlebovirus | No | Detected in sandflies, likely affects animals, specific symptoms not well-characterized. | Sandfly bite. |
| Artaviridae | Viral Family | No | Infects arthropods (e.g., ticks, mosquitoes); specific symptoms are not well-characterized for the family. | Arthropod-borne transmission. |
| Artichoke latent virus | Tymoviridae, Tymovirus | No | Often asymptomatic or mild symptoms in artichoke plants. | Mechanical transmission, potentially sap-feeding insects. |
| Asclepias viridis virus Y | Potyviridae, Potyvirus | No | Mosaic, mottling, and leaf distortion in Asclepias viridis (green milkweed). | Aphids, mechanical transmission. |
| Ashbya gossypii virus | Totiviridae, Totivirus | No | Infects the fungus Ashbya gossypii, often causing no obvious symptoms. | Vertical transmission through fungal spores or hyphae. |
| Asfarviridae | Viral Family | No | Causes African swine fever in pigs; high fever, hemorrhages, high mortality. | Direct contact, contaminated feed, ticks (Ornithodoros), fomites. |
| Aspergillus fumigatus chrysovirus 1 | Chrysoviridae, Chrysovirus | No | Infects the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, potentially affecting fungal virulence or growth. | Vertical transmission through fungal spores or hyphae. |
| Aspergillus fumigatus chrysovirus 2 | Chrysoviridae, Chrysovirus | No | Infects the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, potentially affecting fungal virulence or growth. | Vertical transmission through fungal spores or hyphae. |
| Aspergillus foetidus virus | Chrysoviridae, Chrysovirus | No | Infects the fungus Aspergillus foetidus, potentially affecting fungal growth or metabolism. | Vertical transmission through fungal spores or hyphae. |
| Aspiviridae | Viral Family | No | Infects plants, often causing mosaic, mottling, or dwarfing symptoms. | Aphids, mechanical transmission. |
| Aspen mosaic virus | Bromoviridae, Alfamovirus | No | Mosaic patterns, yellowing, and leaf distortion in aspen trees. | Mechanical transmission, unknown vectors. |
| Astroviridae | Viral Family | Yes | Gastroenteritis (diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain), primarily in young children. | Fecal-oral route, contaminated food or water, direct contact. |
| Astrovirus | Astroviridae, Mamastrovirus (Genus) | Yes | Gastroenteritis (diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain), primarily in young children. | Fecal-oral route, contaminated food or water, direct contact. |
| Atadenovirus | Adenoviridae, Atadenovirus (Genus) | No | Causes disease in various animals (reptiles, birds, ruminants), symptoms vary by host. | Direct contact, airborne, fecal-oral (host-dependent). |
| Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus | Paramyxoviridae, Aquaparamyxovirus | No | Causes salmon gill poxvirus disease (SGPVD) in Atlantic salmon, leading to respiratory distress. | Waterborne transmission among fish. |
| Atractovirus | Arenaviridae, Atractovirus (Genus) | Yes | Causes hemorrhagic fever diseases in humans (e.g., Lassa fever). | Contact with rodent urine/feces (inhalation, ingestion), direct contact with infected rodents. |
| Atriplex latent virus | Tymoviridae, Tymovirus | No | Often asymptomatic or mild symptoms in Atriplex (saltbush) plants. | Mechanical transmission, potentially sap-feeding insects. |
| Australian bat lyssavirus | Rhabdoviridae, Lyssavirus | Yes | Rabies-like symptoms: progressive encephalitis, paralysis, hydrophobia, ultimately fatal. | Bite or scratch from an infected bat, exposure to bat saliva through mucous membranes. |
| Avian bornavirus 1 | Bornaviridae, Orthobornavirus | No | Causes proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) in psittacine birds, affecting nervous and digestive systems. | Direct contact, fecal-oral route among birds. |
| Avian bornavirus 2 | Bornaviridae, Orthobornavirus | No | Causes proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) in psittacine birds, affecting nervous and digestive systems. | Direct contact, fecal-oral route among birds. |
| Avian bornavirus 3 | Bornaviridae, Orthobornavirus | No | Causes proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) in psittacine birds, affecting nervous and digestive systems. | Direct contact, fecal-oral route among birds. |
| Avian bornavirus 4 | Bornaviridae, Orthobornavirus | No | Causes proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) in psittacine birds, affecting nervous and digestive systems. | Direct contact, fecal-oral route among birds. |
| Avian encephalomyelitis virus | Picornaviridae, Tremovirus | No | Neurological signs (ataxia, tremors, paralysis), reduced egg production in chickens and turkeys. | Vertical transmission (egg-borne), fecal-oral route. |
| Avian infectious bronchitis virus | Coronaviridae, Gammacoronavirus | No | Respiratory distress, kidney damage, reduced egg production and quality in chickens. | Airborne (droplets), direct contact, contaminated fomites. |
| Avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus | Herpesviridae, Iltovirus | No | Severe respiratory distress, nasal discharge, coughing, blood-stained mucus, high mortality in chickens. | Direct contact, airborne, contaminated fomites. |
| Avian leukosis virus | Retroviridae, Alpharetrovirus | No | Tumors (lymphoid leukosis), anemia, immunosuppression, reduced growth and egg production in chickens. | Vertical transmission (egg-borne), horizontal transmission (direct contact). |
| Avian nephritis virus 1 | Astroviridae, Avastrovirus | No | Kidney lesions, visceral gout, growth retardation, and mortality in young chickens. | Fecal-oral route. |
| Avian nephritis virus 2 | Astroviridae, Avastrovirus | No | Kidney lesions, visceral gout, growth retardation, and mortality in young chickens. | Fecal-oral route. |
| Avian orthoreovirus | Reoviridae, Orthoreovirus | No | Arthritis, tenosynovitis, malabsorption syndrome, and enteritis in chickens. | Fecal-oral route, egg transmission. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 1 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | Yes (rare, mild) | Conjunctivitis, mild flu-like symptoms (in humans); severe neurological and respiratory disease (Newcastle disease) in birds. | Direct contact with infected birds or their excretions, airborne, contaminated fomites. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 2 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Respiratory disease, reduced egg production in poultry (less severe than APMV-1). | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 3 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Respiratory disease, reduced egg production in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 4 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 5 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 6 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 7 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 8 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 9 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 10 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 11 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 12 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 13 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 14 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 15 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 16 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian paramyxovirus 17 | Paramyxoviridae, Avulavirus | No | Mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in poultry. | Direct contact, airborne. |
| Avian pox virus | Poxviridae, Avipoxvirus | No | Cutaneous lesions (nodules, scabs) on unfeathered skin, diphtheritic lesions in mouth/respiratory tract in birds. | Direct contact, mechanical (e.g., mosquito bites), contaminated fomites. |
| Avenavirus | Bromoviridae, Avenavirus (Genus) | No | Infects oat plants, causing mild symptoms like yellowing or mottling. | Unknown vectors; possibly mechanical or seed-borne. |
| Avibirnavirus | Birnaviridae, Avibirnavirus (Genus) | No | Causes infectious bursal disease (IBD) in chickens, affecting the immune system. | Fecal-oral route, highly persistent in environment. |
Descriptions
Abaca bunchy top virus
Abaca bunchy top virus is a significant plant pathogen that causes severe stunting and leaf distortion in abaca and banana crops. This viral disease is primarily spread by aphids, leading to substantial agricultural losses in affected regions and impacting fiber production.
Abelson murine leukemia virus
Abelson murine leukemia virus is a key retrovirus studied in cancer research for its ability to induce leukemia and lymphomas in mice. It helps scientists understand oncogene function and cellular transformation, providing insights into various forms of blood cancers and their mechanisms.
Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus
Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus is a giant DNA virus, notable for its exceptionally large size and complex genome. It primarily infects amoebae but has been linked to rare cases of pneumonia in humans, challenging traditional viral classifications due to its unique characteristics.
Acanthamoeba polyphaga moumouvirus
Acanthamoeba polyphaga moumouvirus is another giant DNA virus closely related to mimivirus, also found to infect amoebae. Similar to its counterpart, it has been occasionally associated with human respiratory infections, expanding our understanding of large DNA viruses.
Acanthocystis turfacea Chlorella virus 1
Acanthocystis turfacea Chlorella virus 1 is a large DNA virus that specifically infects and lyses Chlorella-like algae. This virus plays a significant role in freshwater ecosystems by controlling algal populations and influencing nutrient cycling in aquatic environments.
Achromobacter phage ABp1
Achromobacter phage ABp1 is a bacteriophage, a type of virus that specifically targets and infects Achromobacter bacteria. These phages are being studied for their potential use in phage therapy to combat bacterial infections, especially antibiotic-resistant strains.
Achromobacter phage phiAA2
Achromobacter phage phiAA2 is another bacteriophage that infects Achromobacter bacteria. Like other phages, it holds promise in developing novel antibacterial treatments, offering an alternative approach to managing infections caused by these specific bacterial pathogens.
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans phage AaPhi23
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans phage AaPhi23 is a bacteriophage that targets Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, a bacterium implicated in periodontal disease. Research on this phage explores its potential as a biological agent to control or eliminate harmful bacteria in the human oral cavity.
Acyrthosiphon pisum densovirus
Acyrthosiphon pisum densovirus is an insect-specific virus that infects pea aphids, acting as a natural pest control agent. This densovirus causes debilitating symptoms in aphids, potentially contributing to the regulation of their populations in agricultural settings.
Adeno-associated virus 1
Adeno-associated virus 1, a member of the parvovirus family, is a small, non-enveloped virus widely used as a vector in gene therapy. It is generally non-pathogenic in humans and requires co-infection with a helper virus for efficient replication.
Adeno-associated virus 10
Adeno-associated virus 10 is another serotype of AAV, gaining attention for its potential in gene therapy. Like other AAVs, it is non-pathogenic and efficient at delivering genetic material to target cells, making it a valuable tool in molecular medicine.
Adeno-associated virus 11
Adeno-associated virus 11 is a non-pathogenic dependoparvovirus, part of the extensive AAV family. Its different serotypes, including AAV11, exhibit distinct tissue tropisms, making them versatile tools for gene delivery in various therapeutic applications for genetic disorders.
Adeno-associated virus 12
Adeno-associated virus 12 is another serotype of AAV, characterized by its non-pathogenic nature and dependence on helper viruses for replication. It is being explored for its unique gene delivery properties, contributing to the expanding toolkit for gene therapy treatments.
Adeno-associated virus 13
Adeno-associated virus 13, a dependoparvovirus, is a non-pathogenic virus often used in gene therapy applications due to its ability to deliver genes efficiently into cells. Its safety profile and broad tropism make it a promising vector for various therapeutic strategies.
Adeno-associated virus 2
Adeno-associated virus 2 is the most well-studied serotype of AAV, widely recognized for its safety and efficacy as a gene delivery vector. It is non-pathogenic in humans and requires a co-infecting helper virus, like adenovirus, for productive infection.
Adeno-associated virus 3
Adeno-associated virus 3, a non-pathogenic dependoparvovirus, is another important serotype used in gene therapy. Its unique capsid properties allow for targeted gene delivery to specific tissues, making it valuable for developing treatments for various genetic diseases.
Adeno-associated virus 4
Adeno-associated virus 4 is a serotype of AAV, known for its non-pathogenic nature and use in gene therapy. Its specific tropism for certain cell types makes it a useful tool for targeted gene delivery, enhancing the precision of genetic interventions.
Adeno-associated virus 5
Adeno-associated virus 5 is a serotype of AAV, characterized by its non-pathogenic properties and its use as a gene therapy vector. It exhibits distinct tissue targeting abilities, making it an excellent choice for delivering therapeutic genes to specific organs or cell populations.
Adeno-associated virus 6
Adeno-associated virus 6 is a dependoparvovirus serotype, valued for its non-pathogenic nature and applications in gene therapy. Its ability to transduce a wide range of cell types, including muscle and lung cells, makes it a versatile vector for genetic medicine.
Adeno-associated virus 7
Adeno-associated virus 7 is a dependoparvovirus serotype, known for its non-pathogenic characteristics and utility in gene therapy. Like other AAVs, it is being explored for its unique tissue tropism, contributing to the development of precise gene delivery systems.
Adeno-associated virus 8
Adeno-associated virus 8 is a widely utilized serotype of AAV in gene therapy due to its strong ability to transduce liver and muscle cells. It is non-pathogenic and requires a helper virus for replication, making it a safe and effective gene delivery platform.
Adeno-associated virus 9
Adeno-associated virus 9 is a highly important serotype of AAV in gene therapy research, particularly for its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. It is non-pathogenic and widely used for systemic gene delivery to various tissues, including the central nervous system.
Adeno-associated virus rh.74
Adeno-associated virus rh.74 is a primate-derived AAV serotype, showing promise as a gene therapy vector. Its specific tropism and ability to transduce various tissues, including the heart, make it a valuable tool for delivering therapeutic genes in genetic disorders.
Adeno-associated virus rhesus.10
Adeno-associated virus rhesus.10 is a non-pathogenic serotype of AAV derived from rhesus macaques, used as a gene therapy vector. It possesses unique tissue targeting properties that contribute to the ongoing development of advanced gene delivery strategies.
Adenoviridae
Adenoviridae is a large family of non-enveloped DNA viruses that cause a wide range of infections in humans and animals. In humans, they are commonly associated with respiratory tract illnesses, including the common cold, and can also cause eye and gastrointestinal infections.
Adelphosomus nectarinella nudivirus
Adelphosomus nectarinella nudivirus is an insect-specific virus belonging to the Nudiviridae family, infecting the moth Adelphosomus nectarinella. Such viruses are studied for their potential as biological control agents against insect pests due to their specificity.
Aedes aegypti densovirus
Aedes aegypti densovirus is an insect-specific virus that infects the Aedes aegypti mosquito, a vector for dengue and Zika viruses. It can reduce mosquito populations, making it a promising candidate for biological control strategies against these disease carriers.
Aaphthovirus
Aaphthovirus is a genus within the Picornaviridae family, notably including the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV), which causes severe economic impact on livestock. While FMDV does not infect humans, its high contagiousness in animals makes it a significant veterinary concern.
African green monkey poliovirus
African green monkey poliovirus is an enterovirus that causes paralytic disease in African green monkeys, serving as a primate model for human poliovirus research. Its study provides insights into viral pathogenesis and neurovirulence relevant to human poliomyelitis.
African horse sickness virus
African horse sickness virus is a severe arbovirus that causes a highly fatal disease in horses, mules, and donkeys, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Transmitted by biting midges, it leads to fever, respiratory and circulatory distress, and can devastate equine populations.
African swine fever virus
African swine fever virus is a highly contagious and deadly DNA virus that causes a hemorrhagic fever in domestic and wild pigs, often leading to nearly 100% mortality. There is no vaccine or treatment, making it a major threat to global pork production.
Aglaonema mosaic virus
Aglaonema mosaic virus is a plant pathogen that causes distinctive mosaic patterns and deformation on the leaves of Aglaonema (Chinese evergreen) plants. This virus impacts the ornamental value of these popular houseplants and is typically spread by aphids.
Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus A
Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus A is an insect-specific virus that infects the turnip moth larvae, acting as a natural biopesticide. This alphabaculovirus causes lethal disease in the host, offering an environmentally friendly method for pest control.
Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus B
Agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus B is another strain of baculovirus targeting the turnip moth larvae. Similar to strain A, it causes fatal disease, making it a valuable tool in the biological control of agricultural pests and reducing reliance on chemical insecticides.
Aichivirus A
Aichivirus A is a human kobuvirus associated with gastroenteritis, causing symptoms like diarrhea and vomiting. It is transmitted via the fecal-oral route and is recognized as an emerging cause of foodborne illness, particularly from shellfish consumption, affecting public health.
Akabane virus
Akabane virus is a mosquito-borne orthobunyavirus that causes severe congenital malformations, such as joint deformities and brain damage, in the offspring of infected cattle, sheep, and goats. It leads to significant economic losses in livestock industries.
Akolbenc virus
Akolbenc virus is an orthonairovirus detected in ticks, suggesting its role as an arbovirus. While its pathogenicity and impact on humans are not fully understood, its presence in tick populations indicates potential for transmission to animal hosts.
Alabama argillacea nucleopolyhedrovirus
Alabama argillacea nucleopolyhedrovirus is a baculovirus that specifically infects and kills the cotton leafworm larvae, a significant agricultural pest. It serves as a natural biological control agent, reducing crop damage in cotton fields without chemical intervention.
Alangium praetermissum cryptic virus 1
Alangium praetermissum cryptic virus 1 is a type of cryptic virus found in the plant Alangium praetermissum. Cryptic viruses often establish persistent, asymptomatic infections in their hosts, making them challenging to detect and characterize due to their lack of obvious symptoms.
Alaska virus
Alaska virus refers to a strain of avian influenza, part of the Alphainfluenzavirus genus. While primarily affecting birds, influenza viruses are continually monitored for their zoonotic potential and ability to adapt to new hosts, including humans.
Alfalfa mosaic virus
Alfalfa mosaic virus is a widespread plant virus that causes significant disease in a broad range of agricultural crops, including alfalfa, potatoes, and tomatoes. It manifests as mosaic patterns on leaves and stunting, and is primarily spread by aphids.
Alhama virus
Alhama virus is a phlebovirus identified in sandflies, suggesting its potential to be an arbovirus. While its direct impact on humans is not clearly established, similar phleboviruses can cause febrile illness in humans.
Alikalia virus
Alikalia virus is a cardiovirus discovered in rodents and bats, indicating its role as an animal virus. Further research is needed to determine its full pathogenic potential and any implications for human or livestock health.
Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus
Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus is a tick-borne flavivirus causing a severe hemorrhagic fever in humans, primarily found in the Arabian Peninsula. Symptoms include high fever and bleeding, and it can be fatal, posing a significant public health threat in endemic areas.
Alligator herpesvirus 1
Alligator herpesvirus 1 is a herpesvirus that causes a highly fatal disease in young alligators, leading to skin lesions and internal organ damage. It poses a significant threat to alligator populations, especially in farming operations.
Allium mosaic virus
Allium mosaic virus is a common plant virus that affects onion, garlic, and other Allium species, causing yellow streaks, mosaic patterns, and reduced yield. It is primarily transmitted by aphids and can significantly impact bulb crop production.
Aloe latent virus
Aloe latent virus is a plant virus found in Aloe species, often causing only mild or latent symptoms, meaning the plant may appear healthy. Its presence can affect the vigor of Aloe plants, though typically without severe visual impact.
Aloe vera mosaic virus
Aloe vera mosaic virus is a plant virus that causes mosaic patterns and leaf distortion in Aloe vera plants, reducing their aesthetic and commercial value. It is transmitted by aphids, highlighting the importance of pest control for healthy aloe cultivation.
Alphacryptovirus
Alphacryptovirus is a genus of plant viruses within the Partitiviridae family. Viruses in this genus are typically “cryptic,” meaning they establish persistent infections in plants without causing obvious disease symptoms and are primarily transmitted through seeds.
Alphadeltavirus
Alphadeltavirus is a genus of viruses within the Reoviridae family, known to infect various arthropods and some plants. While not directly pathogenic to humans, these viruses play roles in the ecosystems they inhabit, including insect populations.
Alphainfluenzavirus
Alphainfluenzavirus is a significant genus within the Orthomyxoviridae family, encompassing influenza A viruses, which are a major cause of seasonal epidemics and occasional pandemics in humans. These viruses also infect various animal species, including birds and mammals.
Alphamesonivirus
Alphamesonivirus is a genus of insect-specific viruses primarily found in mosquitoes. Research on these viruses helps in understanding mosquito biology and could potentially contribute to developing strategies for controlling mosquito populations, thereby reducing vector-borne diseases.
Alphanodavirus
Alphanodavirus is a genus of viruses that can infect a wide range of hosts, including fish, insects, and rarely, humans. In fish, they cause viral nervous necrosis, a significant disease in aquaculture. Their impact on human health is generally considered mild or asymptomatic.
Alphapapillomavirus
Alphapapillomavirus is a genus of DNA viruses that includes various human papillomaviruses (HPVs). Many HPVs cause common warts, but some high-risk types are responsible for cervical cancer and other anogenital cancers, making them a significant public health concern.
Alphaparvovirus
Alphaparvovirus is a genus in the Parvoviridae family, including important human and animal pathogens. Human parvovirus B19 causes Fifth disease (slapped cheek syndrome), and others are known for causing severe gastroenteritis and other issues in animals.
Alphapartitivirus
Alphapartitivirus is a genus of double-stranded RNA viruses that primarily infect fungi and plants. These “cryptic” viruses often cause no overt symptoms in their hosts, but can influence host characteristics, such as fungal virulence, and are transmitted vertically.
Alphapolyomavirus
Alphapolyomavirus is a genus of small DNA viruses, some of which are ubiquitous in human populations (e.g., Merkel cell polyomavirus). While often asymptomatic in healthy individuals, they can cause serious conditions like Merkel cell carcinoma or kidney disease in immunosuppressed patients.
Alpharhabdovirus
Alpharhabdovirus is a diverse genus within the Rhabdoviridae family, encompassing viruses that infect a wide range of hosts, including mammals, fish, and plants. While some rhabdoviruses like rabies affect humans, this specific genus often targets non-human hosts.
Alphasphaerolipovirus
Alphasphaerolipovirus is a genus of viruses that infect thermophilic archaea, microorganisms thriving in extreme heat. These viruses are crucial for understanding the ecology of extremophiles and offer insights into viral evolution in unique environments.
Alphatogavirus
Alphatogavirus is a significant genus within the Togaviridae family, including several medically important arboviruses like Chikungunya and Ross River viruses. These viruses cause febrile illness, rash, and joint pain in humans and are primarily transmitted by mosquitoes.
Alphatorquevirus
Alphatorquevirus is a genus within the Anelloviridae family, encompassing Torque teno viruses (TTVs). TTVs are highly prevalent in humans, often establishing persistent infections. While typically asymptomatic, their presence is linked to immunosuppression or certain disease states.
Alphatriclavirus
Alphatriclavirus is a genus of viruses that infect fungi (mycoviruses). These viruses can impact fungal characteristics such as growth rate, morphology, and pathogenicity, playing a role in fungal ecology and potentially in biocontrol strategies.
Amami virus
Amami virus is an orthobunyavirus identified in mosquitoes, suggesting it is an arbovirus. While its specific symptoms and human impact are not fully detailed, it highlights the diversity of viruses circulating in insect populations.
Amalgaviridae
Amalgaviridae is a viral family containing both plant and fungal viruses. These viruses are characterized by a unique genome organization and often cause persistent, cryptic infections without obvious symptoms, making their precise impact challenging to determine.
Ambrosia artemisiifolia cryptic virus 1
Ambrosia artemisiifolia cryptic virus 1 is a cryptic virus found in common ragweed. As a cryptic virus, it typically establishes a persistent infection without causing overt disease symptoms, and is primarily transmitted vertically through seeds.
Americana virus
Americana virus is an orbivirus that causes epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) in wild ruminants like deer, leading to fever, internal bleeding, and often death. It is transmitted by biting midges, posing a significant threat to deer populations.
Ambidensovirus
Ambidensovirus is a genus of insect-specific viruses within the Parvoviridae family. These viruses are known to infect a range of insect species and can cause significant morbidity and mortality, making them potential candidates for biological pest control.
Ampullavirus
Ampullavirus is a genus of bottle-shaped viruses that infect hyperthermophilic archaea, organisms that thrive in extremely hot environments. These viruses are important for understanding viral diversity and evolution in unique and extreme ecosystems.
Anadara virus
Anadara virus is an aquabirnavirus isolated from shellfish, specifically the blood cockle Anadara granosa. Its specific impact is still under investigation, but it is considered a potential pathogen for marine invertebrates, highlighting viral diversity in aquatic life.
Anelloviridae
Anelloviridae is a family of small, single-stranded DNA viruses, most notably including Torque teno viruses (TTVs). TTVs are highly prevalent in humans worldwide, usually causing no symptoms, but their presence can be indicative of immune system status.
Anellovirus
Anellovirus refers to a genus within the Anelloviridae family, primarily comprising Torque teno viruses (TTVs), which are highly prevalent in humans. These viruses typically establish persistent, asymptomatic infections, making them a common part of the human virome.
Anhui virus
Anhui virus is an orthobunyavirus identified in mosquitoes in China. While its specific pathology in animals and humans is not fully elucidated, its discovery emphasizes the ongoing surveillance needed for arboviruses that could potentially emerge as human pathogens.
Anopheles associated cypovirus
Anopheles associated cypovirus is an insect-specific virus that infects Anopheles mosquitoes, important vectors of malaria. Research into these viruses explores their potential to control mosquito populations, thereby impacting the transmission of human diseases like malaria.
Anphevirus
Anphevirus is a newly proposed genus within the Bunyaviridae family, identified in bats. While its pathogenicity is still under investigation, viruses from bats are of significant interest due to their potential for zoonotic spillover events to other animals and humans.
Antaresvirus
Antaresvirus is an orthonairovirus identified in ticks. Its discovery contributes to the understanding of tick-borne viruses and their potential impact on animal health, although its specific disease association and human relevance are still being investigated.
Antelope cervine herpesvirus 2
Antelope cervine herpesvirus 2 is a herpesvirus found in antelopes. While often causing mild or subclinical infections in its natural host, related herpesviruses can cause more severe disease in other susceptible animal species.
Antelope zosteriform disease virus
Antelope zosteriform disease virus is a herpesvirus that causes a shingles-like illness in antelope, characterized by skin lesions and neurological symptoms. This highlights the diversity of herpesviruses and their specific impacts on different animal hosts.
Antheraea pernyi cypovirus
Antheraea pernyi cypovirus is an insect-specific virus that infects the Chinese oak silkworm. Cypoviruses can significantly impact silkworm rearing, causing disease that reduces silk production, making them relevant to sericulture.
Anthurium ringspot virus
Anthurium ringspot virus is a plant virus that causes distinctive ringspot patterns and distortions on the leaves of Anthurium plants. This virus reduces the ornamental value of these popular houseplants and is typically spread by aphids.
Apaviridae
Apaviridae is a viral family encompassing a diverse group of RNA viruses that infect various arthropods, including insects and crustaceans. These viruses can play roles in regulating arthropod populations and are subjects of research for pest control.
Aphthovirus
Aphthovirus is a genus that includes the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV), a highly contagious animal virus causing severe economic losses in livestock worldwide. While FMDV does not cause disease in humans, its rapid spread necessitates strict control measures in animal agriculture.
Apis mellifera filamentous virus
Apis mellifera filamentous virus is a pathogenic virus that infects honey bees, causing chronic paralysis and weakening bee colonies. Its presence is a concern for beekeepers as it contributes to colony losses and affects honey production.
Apis mellifera tombus-like virus
Apis mellifera tombus-like virus is a virus found in honey bees, showing similarities to the Tombusviridae family. Its full impact on bee health is still under investigation, but such viruses contribute to the complex challenges facing global bee populations.
Apium graveolens virus Y
Apium graveolens virus Y is a plant virus that infects celery, causing mosaic patterns, mottling, and stunted growth, which reduces crop yield. This virus is transmitted by aphids, emphasizing the need for pest management in celery cultivation.
Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus
Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus is a common plant virus affecting apple, pear, plum, and other fruit trees. It causes chlorotic spots, leaf distortion, and can reduce fruit quality, primarily spreading through infected grafting material.
Apple mosaic virus
Apple mosaic virus is a prevalent plant virus causing yellow mosaic patterns and leaf distortion on apple tree leaves. While generally not lethal, it can reduce fruit yield and quality, primarily spread through vegetative propagation and mechanical means.
Apple stem grooving virus
Apple stem grooving virus is a plant virus that causes characteristic grooves on the stems of apple trees, leading to reduced growth and tree vigor. It is primarily spread through infected grafting material, making careful selection crucial in orchards.
Apple stem pitting virus
Apple stem pitting virus is a common plant virus in apple and pear trees, causing characteristic pits and grooves on the woody stems. While often latent, it can impact tree health and fruit quality, and is spread through propagation material.
Apricot latent virus
Apricot latent virus is a plant virus found in apricot trees, frequently causing no obvious disease symptoms, hence “latent.” Its presence is typically detected through molecular methods, and it’s primarily transmitted via propagation material.
Aquabirnavirus
Aquabirnavirus is a genus of RNA viruses that cause significant diseases in aquatic animals, particularly infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) in salmonids. These viruses are highly contagious and lead to substantial economic losses in aquaculture worldwide.
Arenaviridae
Arenaviridae is a family of RNA viruses, many of which cause zoonotic diseases, including severe hemorrhagic fevers like Lassa fever, in humans. These viruses are primarily transmitted from rodents to humans through contact with contaminated excretions.
Arctic charr reovirus
Arctic charr reovirus is a virus that infects Arctic charr, causing swim bladder inflammation and potentially leading to significant mortality in farmed fish. This highlights the impact of viruses on aquaculture and aquatic ecosystems.
Arctic lamprey polyomavirus 1
Arctic lamprey polyomavirus 1 is a polyomavirus discovered in Arctic lampreys. Its specific pathological effects are still being researched, but it contributes to the understanding of viral diversity in aquatic vertebrates and their unique ecosystems.
Areca palm necrotic spindle-streak virus
Areca palm necrotic spindle-streak virus is a plant virus that causes distinctive necrotic streaks and spindle-shaped lesions on Areca palm trees, leading to their decline. This virus impacts the health and aesthetic value of these ornamental palms.
Argentine ant virus
Argentine ant virus is an insect-specific virus that infects Argentine ants, a globally invasive pest species. Studies on this virus aim to understand its potential as a biological control agent to manage ant populations and mitigate their environmental impact.
Arizona elegans herpesvirus
Arizona elegans herpesvirus is a herpesvirus found in Arizona elegans snakes. While its specific pathogenic role requires further study, its presence indicates the broad host range of herpesviruses across various reptile species.
Arsenale virus
Arsenale virus is a phlebovirus identified in sandflies, suggesting it is an arbovirus. Its specific disease association is not fully understood, but it contributes to the known diversity of viruses transmitted by these insect vectors.
Artaviridae
Artaviridae is a newly recognized viral family primarily containing viruses that infect arthropods like ticks and mosquitoes. These viruses are being studied for their ecological roles and potential impact on vector populations, though human pathogenicity is unknown.
Artichoke latent virus
Artichoke latent virus is a plant virus that typically causes no obvious symptoms in artichoke plants, hence its “latent” classification. It can be present in infected plants without affecting yield, but molecular detection methods can confirm its presence.
Asclepias viridis virus Y
Asclepias viridis virus Y is a plant virus that infects green milkweed, causing mosaic patterns and leaf distortion. As milkweed is crucial for monarch butterflies, understanding such viruses is important for ecological health.
Ashbya gossypii virus
Ashbya gossypii virus is a mycovirus that infects the filamentous fungus Ashbya gossypii. While often causing asymptomatic infections, it provides insights into virus-fungus interactions and fungal molecular biology.
Asfarviridae
Asfarviridae is a family of large DNA viruses that includes African swine fever virus (ASFV), a highly virulent pathogen of domestic and wild pigs. ASFV causes a severe hemorrhagic fever with high mortality, posing a major threat to the global pork industry.
Aspergillus fumigatus chrysovirus 1
Aspergillus fumigatus chrysovirus 1 is a mycovirus that infects the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. These viruses can modulate fungal virulence, which has implications for understanding fungal infections in immunocompromised patients.
Aspergillus fumigatus chrysovirus 2
Aspergillus fumigatus chrysovirus 2 is another mycovirus found in the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Research into these chrysoviruses aims to understand their role in fungal physiology and pathogenicity, potentially leading to new antifungal strategies.
Aspergillus foetidus virus
Aspergillus foetidus virus is a mycovirus that infects the fungus Aspergillus foetidus. Mycoviruses like this are studied for their potential to alter the characteristics of their fungal hosts, including enzyme production and growth.
Aspiviridae
Aspiviridae is a family of single-stranded RNA viruses that primarily infect plants. Viruses in this family typically cause visible disease symptoms such as mosaic patterns, mottling, or stunted growth in their plant hosts, impacting agricultural yields.
Aspen mosaic virus
Aspen mosaic virus is a plant virus that causes mosaic patterns and yellowing on the leaves of aspen trees. While generally not lethal to the tree, it can impact their growth and aesthetic appeal, and its mode of transmission requires further study.
Astroviridae
Astroviridae is a family of non-enveloped RNA viruses that are a common cause of gastroenteritis in humans, especially in young children and the elderly. They lead to diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, spreading through the fecal-oral route.
Astrovirus
Astrovirus is a genus within the Astroviridae family, primarily known for causing acute gastroenteritis in humans, particularly in infants and young children. These viruses are a significant cause of diarrheal disease worldwide and are transmitted via the fecal-oral route.
Atadenovirus
Atadenovirus is a genus of adenoviruses that infect a diverse range of animal hosts, including reptiles, birds, and mammals. While they typically do not infect humans, they can cause significant disease in their specific animal hosts, such as inclusion body hepatitis in birds.
Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus
Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus causes salmon gill poxvirus disease, a significant health issue in farmed Atlantic salmon. It leads to severe gill damage and respiratory distress, resulting in substantial losses in the aquaculture industry.
Atractovirus
Atractovirus is a genus within the Arenaviridae family that includes several viruses responsible for severe hemorrhagic fevers in humans, such as Lassa fever. These zoonotic viruses are primarily transmitted through contact with infected rodents or their excretions.
Atriplex latent virus
Atriplex latent virus is a plant virus found in Atriplex species that typically causes no obvious symptoms, hence its “latent” classification. Its presence is generally detected through molecular methods, and its impact on plant health is often minimal.
Australian bat lyssavirus
Australian bat lyssavirus is a highly virulent virus closely related to rabies virus, found in Australian bats. It can be transmitted to humans through bat bites or scratches, causing a fatal neurological disease similar to rabies, requiring urgent post-exposure prophylaxis.
Avian bornavirus 1
Avian bornavirus 1 is a bornavirus that causes Proventricular Dilatation Disease (PDD) in psittacine birds, a fatal neurological and gastrointestinal illness. This virus is a significant concern for pet bird owners and conservation efforts.
Avian bornavirus 2
Avian bornavirus 2 is another strain of bornavirus causing Proventricular Dilatation Disease (PDD) in psittacine birds. Like ABBV-1, it leads to severe digestive and neurological symptoms, posing a serious threat to captive bird populations.
Avian bornavirus 3
Avian bornavirus 3 is a variant of bornavirus associated with Proventricular Dilatation Disease (PDD) in psittacine birds. Its discovery highlights the genetic diversity within avian bornaviruses and their collective impact on avian health.
Avian bornavirus 4
Avian bornavirus 4 is a bornavirus strain identified in psittacine birds, linked to Proventricular Dilatation Disease (PDD). Research into these distinct strains helps in developing diagnostic tools and management strategies for this devastating avian illness.
Avian encephalomyelitis virus
Avian encephalomyelitis virus is a picornavirus that causes neurological disease in young chickens and turkeys, characterized by ataxia and tremors. It can also cause a drop in egg production in adult birds, impacting poultry farming.
Avian infectious bronchitis virus
Avian infectious bronchitis virus is a highly contagious coronavirus that causes a severe respiratory disease in chickens, leading to coughing, sneezing, and reduced egg production. It is a major economic concern for the global poultry industry.
Avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus
Avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus is a herpesvirus that causes an acute and often fatal respiratory disease in chickens, characterized by severe coughing and bloody exudates. It is highly contagious and poses a serious threat to poultry farms.
Avian leukosis virus
Avian leukosis virus is a retrovirus that causes various forms of cancer, primarily lymphoid leukosis, in chickens. It leads to tumor formation and immunosuppression, significantly impacting poultry health and productivity worldwide.
Avian nephritis virus 1
Avian nephritis virus 1 is an astrovirus that causes kidney disease and growth retardation in young chickens. It contributes to economic losses in the poultry industry due to increased mortality and reduced performance of affected flocks.
Avian nephritis virus 2
Avian nephritis virus 2 is another astrovirus strain responsible for kidney disease in young chickens. Similar to Avian nephritis virus 1, it causes significant health issues and economic impacts in commercial poultry operations.
Avian orthoreovirus
Avian orthoreovirus causes a range of diseases in chickens, including viral arthritis, tenosynovitis, and malabsorption syndrome, leading to lameness and poor growth. It is a significant pathogen in poultry production worldwide.
Avian paramyxovirus 1
Avian paramyxovirus 1, commonly known as Newcastle disease virus, causes a highly contagious and often fatal disease in birds. While primarily affecting poultry, it can rarely cause mild conjunctivitis or flu-like symptoms in humans exposed to infected birds.
Avian paramyxovirus 2
Avian paramyxovirus 2 is an avulavirus that causes respiratory disease in poultry, typically less severe than Newcastle disease. It can lead to mild symptoms and a drop in egg production, impacting the poultry industry.
Avian paramyxovirus 3
Avian paramyxovirus 3 is another avulavirus that affects poultry, causing respiratory symptoms and sometimes a decrease in egg production. Like other avian paramyxoviruses, it is a concern for commercial poultry operations.
Avian paramyxovirus 4
Avian paramyxovirus 4 is an avulavirus found in birds, generally causing mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections. Its detection is important for surveillance and understanding the diversity of paramyxoviruses circulating in avian populations.
Avian paramyxovirus 5
Avian paramyxovirus 5 is an avulavirus that typically causes mild or subclinical respiratory infections in birds. It contributes to the broad spectrum of avian paramyxoviruses monitored in poultry and wild bird populations.
Avian paramyxovirus 6
Avian paramyxovirus 6 is another avulavirus affecting avian species, usually associated with mild or asymptomatic respiratory signs. Its presence is noted in global surveillance efforts for avian diseases, particularly in commercial poultry.
Avian paramyxovirus 7
Avian paramyxovirus 7 is an avulavirus identified in birds, typically causing mild or unapparent respiratory infections. It forms part of the diverse group of avian paramyxoviruses monitored for their potential impact on poultry health.
Avian paramyxovirus 8
Avian paramyxovirus 8 is an avulavirus that causes mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections in birds. Its continued surveillance helps in understanding the epidemiology and evolution of avian paramyxoviruses across different avian hosts.
Avian paramyxovirus 9
Avian paramyxovirus 9 is an avulavirus isolated from birds, generally causing mild or subclinical respiratory infections. It contributes to the known genetic diversity within the avian paramyxovirus group.
Avian paramyxovirus 10
Avian paramyxovirus 10 is an avulavirus found in avian species, typically associated with mild or unapparent respiratory disease. Its characterization is part of ongoing efforts to track and manage avian viral diseases.
Avian paramyxovirus 11
Avian paramyxovirus 11 is an avulavirus isolated from birds, known for causing mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections. Its study helps expand the understanding of avian paramyxovirus biology and ecology.
Avian paramyxovirus 12
Avian paramyxovirus 12 is an avulavirus affecting avian populations, generally leading to mild or unapparent respiratory signs. Its identification contributes to the comprehensive mapping of avian viral pathogens.
Avian paramyxovirus 13
Avian paramyxovirus 13 is an avulavirus detected in birds, typically causing mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections. Its characterization aids in understanding the genetic diversity and epidemiology of avian paramyxoviruses.
Avian paramyxovirus 14
Avian paramyxovirus 14 is an avulavirus isolated from avian hosts, usually associated with mild or subclinical respiratory infections. Its discovery underscores the continuous need for surveillance in poultry health.
Avian paramyxovirus 15
Avian paramyxovirus 15 is an avulavirus found in birds, typically causing mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections. It contributes to the ongoing research into the full spectrum of avian viral pathogens.
Avian paramyxovirus 16
Avian paramyxovirus 16 is an avulavirus identified in avian species, generally leading to mild or unapparent respiratory signs. Its characterization supports efforts to monitor and control avian diseases.
Avian paramyxovirus 17
Avian paramyxovirus 17 is an avulavirus isolated from birds, typically causing mild or asymptomatic respiratory infections. Its identification broadens the understanding of the Avulavirus genus and its impact on avian health.
Avian pox virus
Avian pox virus is a widespread DNA virus that causes pox lesions on the skin and mucous membranes of various bird species, including poultry and wild birds. It can reduce egg production and cause mortality, spread by direct contact and insects.
Avenavirus
Avenavirus is a genus of plant viruses that infect oats. These viruses typically cause mild symptoms such as yellowing or mottling of leaves, without significant impact on yield, but contribute to the overall viral landscape of agricultural crops.
Avibirnavirus
Avibirnavirus is a genus within the Birnaviridae family, notably including infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), which causes severe immunosuppression in young chickens. This highly contagious virus significantly impacts the poultry industry worldwide.