Here you’ll find 54 Diseases that start with T that begin with T, organized from “Takayasu’s Arteritis” to “Typhus”. Many entries are infections, autoimmune, vascular, or genetic, reflecting common clinical concerns.
Diseases that start with T are medical conditions named with the letter T. Notably, typhus shaped military history, and Takayasu’s arteritis honors the Japanese physician who described it.
Below you’ll find the table with Disease, Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, Notes & Sources.
Disease: The official disease name, so you can quickly identify the condition and its alphabetical place.
Symptoms: Key signs and symptoms in 2–4 quick items, helping you recognise common presentations.
Causes: Primary causes and top risk factors, so you see what typically leads to the disease.
Treatments: First-line therapies and usual management steps, with a brief referral note for serious cases.
Notes & Sources: Brief clinical notes, synonyms and links to guidelines or major references for further reading.
Diseases that start with T
| Name | ICD code | Key symptoms | Typical treatments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tuberculosis | A15-A19, 1B10 | Persistent cough (sometimes with blood), fever, night sweats, weight loss. | Long course of multiple antibiotics over several months. |
| Tetanus (Lockjaw) | A35, 1C17 | Painful muscle spasms, jaw cramping (lockjaw), difficulty swallowing. | Antitoxin, antibiotics, muscle relaxants, wound care, and supportive hospital care. |
| Type 1 Diabetes | E10, 5A10 | Increased thirst and urination, extreme hunger, unexplained weight loss, fatigue. | Lifelong insulin therapy via injections or an insulin pump, blood sugar monitoring. |
| Type 2 Diabetes | E11, 5A11 | Increased thirst and urination, fatigue, blurred vision, frequent infections. | Diet, exercise, oral medications, and sometimes insulin therapy. |
| Tourette Syndrome | F95.2, 8A05.00 | Multiple involuntary motor tics and at least one vocal tic. | Behavioral therapies (CBIT), and medications if tics are severe. |
| Tay-Sachs Disease | E75.0, 5C50.11 | Loss of motor skills, exaggerated startle response, seizures, vision loss. | No cure; supportive care to manage symptoms and comfort. |
| Tonsillitis | J03, CA04 | Sore throat, swollen tonsils, difficulty swallowing, fever. | Rest, fluids, pain relievers; antibiotics if bacterial. |
| Tension Headache | G44.2, 8A80.0 | Dull, aching head pain; sensation of tightness or pressure. | Over-the-counter pain relievers, stress management, lifestyle changes. |
| Tinea Pedis (Athlete’s Foot) | B35.3, 1F2B.10 | Itchy, scaly rash between toes; stinging, burning sensation. | Topical or oral antifungal medications, keeping feet dry. |
| Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) | G45.9, 8B21 | Sudden numbness, weakness, confusion, vision problems, trouble speaking. | Medications to prevent clots (e.g., aspirin), lifestyle changes, managing risk factors. |
| Thrush (Oral Candidiasis) | B37.0, 1F25.0 | Creamy white lesions on tongue or inner cheeks, soreness. | Topical or oral antifungal medication. |
| Trichomoniasis | A59, 1A94 | Foul-smelling vaginal discharge, genital itching, painful urination (often asymptomatic). | A single dose of an oral antibiotic (metronidazole or tinidazole). |
| Testicular Cancer | C62 | Lump in either testicle, feeling of heaviness in scrotum. | Surgery (orchiectomy), radiation therapy, chemotherapy. |
| Thyroid Cancer | C73 | Lump in neck, voice changes, difficulty swallowing, neck pain. | Surgery, radioactive iodine, hormone therapy, radiation, chemotherapy. |
| Trigeminal Neuralgia | G50.0, 8B82.0 | Sudden, severe, shock-like facial pain, often triggered by touch. | Anticonvulsant medications, injections, or surgical procedures. |
| Turner Syndrome | Q96, LD50.0 | Short stature, ovarian insufficiency, webbed neck, heart defects. | Growth hormone therapy, estrogen replacement therapy, regular health monitoring. |
| Typhoid Fever | A01.0, 1B51 | Sustained high fever, weakness, stomach pain, headache, rash. | Antibiotics and fluids to prevent dehydration. |
| Tinnitus | H93.1, AB70 | Ringing, buzzing, hissing, or other sound in the ears. | No cure; sound therapy, behavioral therapy, treating underlying cause. |
| Tendinitis | M77.9 | Dull ache, tenderness, and mild swelling near a joint. | Rest, ice, pain relievers, physical therapy. |
| Thrombocytopenia | D69.6 | Easy bruising, prolonged bleeding, tiny reddish-purple spots on skin. | Treating the underlying cause, medications, blood or platelet transfusions. |
| Thalassemia | D56, 3A10.1 | Fatigue, weakness, pale skin, slow growth, facial bone deformities. | Blood transfusions, iron chelation therapy, folic acid supplements. |
| Tuberous Sclerosis | Q85.1, LD2B | Seizures, developmental delay, skin abnormalities, non-cancerous tumors in organs. | Medications to control seizures and tumors, therapies for developmental issues. |
| Trachoma | A71, 1C90 | Eye irritation, discharge, light sensitivity, eyelid scarring. | Antibiotics, eyelid surgery to correct scarring. |
| Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) | A48.3, 1G71.0 | Sudden high fever, low blood pressure, vomiting, rash, confusion. | Hospitalization, intravenous antibiotics, fluids, and supportive care. |
| Toxoplasmosis | B58, 1F55 | Flu-like symptoms (often none), blurred vision, eye pain. | Usually self-resolves; medication for pregnant women or immunocompromised individuals. |
| Tularemia | A21, 1B80 | Fever, skin ulcer at infection site, swollen lymph glands. | A course of specific antibiotics like streptomycin or gentamicin. |
| Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis) | M77.1 | Pain on the outer part of the elbow, weak grip strength. | Rest, physical therapy, pain relievers, brace. |
| Tardive Dyskinesia | G24.01, 8A04.1 | Involuntary, repetitive body movements like grimacing, lip smacking, or eye blinking. | Stopping or changing the causative medication, specific medications for TD. |
| Transverse Myelitis | G37.3, 8A44.2 | Pain, weakness in arms or legs, sensory changes, bladder problems. | Steroids, plasma exchange therapy, antiviral medications, pain management. |
| Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger’s Disease) | I73.1 | Pain in hands and feet, coldness, sores on fingers/toes. | Absolute smoking cessation is the only effective treatment. |
| Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Dysfunction | K07.6, DA04.1 | Jaw pain or tenderness, clicking sounds, difficulty chewing. | Pain relievers, oral splints or mouth guards, physical therapy. |
| Thyroiditis | E06, 5A00 | Neck pain, fatigue, weight changes, mood swings. | Hormone replacement therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs, beta-blockers. |
| Takayasu’s Arteritis | M31.4, 4A42.10 | Fatigue, fever, weight loss, arm weakness, weak pulse. | Corticosteroids and other immune-suppressing drugs. |
| Tinea Corporis (Ringworm) | B35.4, 1F2B.11 | Itchy, red, circular rash with clearer skin in the middle. | Topical antifungal creams, lotions, or powders. |
| Testicular Torsion | N44, GB12 | Sudden, severe pain in one testicle; swelling of the scrotum. | Immediate emergency surgery to untwist the spermatic cord. |
| Tetralogy of Fallot | Q21.3, LA80.0 | Bluish skin color (cyanosis), shortness of breath, poor weight gain. | Corrective open-heart surgery, typically performed in infancy. |
| Trichinosis | B75, 1F71 | Nausea, diarrhea, muscle pain, fever, swelling of the face. | Anti-parasite medication (e.g., albendazole), pain relievers. |
| Typhus | A75, 1C30 | Fever, headache, rash, muscle aches, confusion. | Antibiotics, typically doxycycline. |
| Thrombophilia | D68.6, 3B61 | Recurrent blood clots (thrombosis), family history of clotting. | Anticoagulant medications (blood thinners) to prevent clots. |
| Tinea Cruris (Jock Itch) | B35.6, 1F2B.12 | Itchy, red, often ring-shaped rash in the groin and thigh. | Topical antifungal creams, keeping the area clean and dry. |
| Torticollis (Wryneck) | M43.6, FA71.0 | Head persistently turned to one side, limited neck movement. | Physical therapy, stretching exercises, heat application, medication. |
| Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder) | F63.3, 6B25.1 | Recurrent, irresistible urges to pull out hair from scalp/body. | Cognitive behavioral therapy (habit reversal training), medication. |
| Telogen Effluvium | L65.0, ED70.1 | Noticeable, diffuse hair thinning or shedding across the scalp. | Addressing the underlying trigger (stress, illness, diet), gentle hair care. |
| Trigger Finger | M65.3 | Finger getting stuck in a bent position, popping or clicking. | Rest, splinting, steroid injections, or a minor surgical procedure. |
| Thoracic Outlet Syndrome | G54.0, 8C20.1 | Pain in neck/shoulders, numbness in fingers, weak grip. | Physical therapy, pain medication, and in some cases, surgery. |
| Tinea Capitis (Scalp Ringworm) | B35.0, 1F2B.0 | Itchy, scaly, bald patches on the scalp; brittle hair. | Oral antifungal medications for several weeks. |
| Thyrotoxicosis | E05, 5A01 | Weight loss, rapid heartbeat, sweating, anxiety, tremors. | Anti-thyroid medications, radioactive iodine, beta-blockers, surgery. |
| Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) | M31.1, 3B63.0 | Small blood clots forming in vessels, low platelet count. | Plasma exchange therapy (plasmapheresis) is the primary treatment. |
| Tropical Sprue | K90.1, DD92.0 | Chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and malabsorption of nutrients. | Long-term antibiotic therapy and folic acid with vitamin B12 supplementation. |
| Treacher Collins Syndrome | Q75.4, LB0F.0Y | Underdeveloped facial bones, down-slanting eyes, small jaw, hearing loss. | Reconstructive surgery, hearing aids, speech therapy. |
| Trypanosomiasis, African (Sleeping Sickness) | B56, 1F50 | Fever, headache, joint pain, followed by confusion and sleep disturbance. | Medications specific to the stage and type of the disease. |
| Trypanosomiasis, American (Chagas Disease) | B57, 1F51 | Fever, swelling at infection site (often asymptomatic in early stage). | Antiparasitic medication in the acute phase; symptom management later. |
| Tietze Syndrome | M94.0, FB62.Y | Chest pain and swelling of the cartilage of the upper ribs. | Pain relievers, rest, heat application; usually resolves on its own. |
| Triple X Syndrome | Q97.0, LD50.1 | Taller than average height, learning difficulties, delayed speech development. | Educational support, speech and physical therapy, counseling. |
Descriptions
Tuberculosis
A serious infectious disease caused by bacteria that primarily affects the lungs but can impact other parts of the body. It is spread through the air.
Tetanus (Lockjaw)
A serious bacterial infection that affects the nervous system, leading to painful muscle contractions. It is preventable with a vaccine.
Type 1 Diabetes
A chronic autoimmune condition where the pancreas produces little or no insulin, a hormone essential for regulating blood sugar. Onset is often in childhood.
Type 2 Diabetes
A chronic metabolic disorder where the body either resists the effects of insulin or doesn’t produce enough. It is the most common type of diabetes.
Tourette Syndrome
A neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics. It typically begins in childhood.
Tay-Sachs Disease
A rare, inherited genetic disorder that progressively destroys nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and spinal cord, typically causing death in early childhood.
Tonsillitis
Inflammation of the tonsils, the two oval-shaped pads of tissue at the back of the throat. It is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection.
Tension Headache
The most common type of headache, often described as a constant ache or pressure around the head, especially at the temples or back of the head and neck.
Tinea Pedis (Athlete’s Foot)
A common fungal infection that affects the skin on the feet, particularly between the toes. It is contagious and thrives in warm, moist environments.
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
A temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke. A TIA is a critical warning sign of future stroke risk and requires urgent medical attention.
Thrush (Oral Candidiasis)
A condition in which the fungus Candida albicans accumulates on the lining of your mouth. It is common in infants and those with weakened immune systems.
Trichomoniasis
A common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a parasite. It is easily curable with medication.
Testicular Cancer
A cancer that develops in the testicles, a part of the male reproductive system. It is one of the most curable forms of cancer, especially when found early.
Thyroid Cancer
A cancer that begins in the thyroid gland, located at the base of the neck. Most types of thyroid cancer have a very high cure rate.
Trigeminal Neuralgia
A chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve, which carries sensation from your face to your brain. Pain can be intense and debilitating.
Turner Syndrome
A chromosomal condition that affects development in females. It occurs when one of the two X chromosomes is missing or partially missing.
Typhoid Fever
A life-threatening bacterial infection caused by Salmonella Typhi, typically spread through contaminated food or water. A vaccine is available for travelers.
Tinnitus
The perception of noise or ringing in the ears when no external sound is present. It is a symptom of an underlying condition, not a disease itself.
Tendinitis
Inflammation or irritation of a tendon, the thick fibrous cords that attach muscle to bone. It often results from overuse or repetitive motion.
Thrombocytopenia
A condition characterized by an abnormally low level of platelets (thrombocytes) in the blood, which can lead to bleeding problems.
Thalassemia
An inherited blood disorder that causes your body to have less hemoglobin than normal, leading to anemia. Severity ranges from mild to life-threatening.
Tuberous Sclerosis
A rare genetic disorder that causes benign tumors to grow in the brain and on other vital organs such as the kidneys, heart, eyes, lungs, and skin.
Trachoma
A contagious bacterial infection of the eye, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. It is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide.
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)
A rare but life-threatening complication of certain types of bacterial infections, often associated with tampon use or skin wounds.
Toxoplasmosis
An infection caused by the single-celled parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Most healthy people have no symptoms, but it can be serious for some.
Tularemia
A rare infectious disease caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, typically transmitted by ticks, deer flies, or infected animals.
Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis)
A type of tendinitis causing pain in the elbow and arm. It’s caused by overuse of the muscles and tendons of the forearm, near the elbow joint.
Tardive Dyskinesia
A neurological syndrome caused by the long-term use of certain medications, particularly antipsychotics. The involuntary movements are a key feature.
Transverse Myelitis
An inflammatory disorder that affects the spinal cord, often damaging the insulating material covering nerve cell fibers (myelin). It can cause paralysis.
Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger’s Disease)
A rare disease of the arteries and veins in the arms and legs where blood vessels become inflamed, swell, and can become blocked with blood clots.
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Dysfunction
A disorder of the jaw muscles and nerves caused by injury or inflammation to the temporomandibular joint, which connects the jawbone to the skull.
Thyroiditis
Inflammation of the thyroid gland. It can lead to an overactive (hyperthyroidism) or underactive (hypothyroidism) thyroid.
Takayasu’s Arteritis
A rare type of vasculitis, a group of disorders that cause blood vessel inflammation. It primarily damages the aorta and its main branches.
Tinea Corporis (Ringworm)
A common fungal skin infection that causes a characteristic ring-shaped rash. Despite its name, it is not caused by a worm.
Testicular Torsion
A medical emergency that occurs when the spermatic cord, which provides blood flow to the testicle, rotates and becomes twisted.
Tetralogy of Fallot
A rare, complex heart defect present at birth. It involves four distinct abnormalities of the heart’s structure that disrupt normal blood flow.
Trichinosis
A type of roundworm infection acquired by eating raw or undercooked meat containing the larvae of the Trichinella parasite.
Typhus
A group of infectious diseases caused by bacteria (Rickettsia) and spread by lice, fleas, or mites. It can be serious if left untreated.
Thrombophilia
An inherited or acquired condition that increases the risk of developing abnormal blood clots in veins or arteries.
Tinea Cruris (Jock Itch)
A fungal infection that affects the skin of your genitals, inner thighs, and buttocks. It’s common in athletes and people who sweat a lot.
Torticollis (Wryneck)
A condition in which the neck muscles contract, causing the head to twist or tilt to one side. It can be congenital or acquired.
Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)
A mental health disorder that involves an overwhelming urge to pull out one’s own hair, leading to noticeable hair loss and distress.
Telogen Effluvium
A common form of temporary hair loss that usually happens after stress, a shock, or a traumatic event. The hair typically regrows.
Trigger Finger
A condition in which one of your fingers gets stuck in a bent position. The finger may bend or straighten with a snap, like a trigger being pulled.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
A group of disorders that occur when blood vessels or nerves in the space between your collarbone and your first rib (thoracic outlet) are compressed.
Tinea Capitis (Scalp Ringworm)
A fungal infection of the scalp and hair shafts. It is most common in young children and is highly contagious.
Thyrotoxicosis
A condition resulting from excessive thyroid hormone in the body (hyperthyroidism). It causes a significant increase in the body’s metabolic rate.
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)
A rare and serious blood disorder. Blood clots form in small blood vessels throughout the body, which can limit or block blood flow to organs.
Tropical Sprue
A malabsorption syndrome commonly found in tropical regions, characterized by abnormalities in the small intestine’s lining.
Treacher Collins Syndrome
A rare genetic condition that affects the development of bones and other tissues of the face. Intelligence is typically normal.
Trypanosomiasis, African (Sleeping Sickness)
A parasitic disease transmitted by the tsetse fly. If left untreated, it is usually fatal as the parasite invades the central nervous system.
Trypanosomiasis, American (Chagas Disease)
An infectious disease caused by a parasite found in the feces of the triatomine (kissing) bug. It can lead to serious heart and digestive problems years later.
Tietze Syndrome
A rare, benign inflammatory condition characterized by chest pain and swelling where the upper ribs attach to the breastbone (sternum).
Triple X Syndrome
A genetic condition found in females only, in which a person has an extra X chromosome in each cell instead of the usual two. Many have no or mild symptoms.