There are 77 medical specialties that start with the letter N. From Nail Pathology to Nutrition. Medical specialties are fields within medicine that focus on specific functions, patient populations, or types of diseases. They have evolved to address the increasing complexity of healthcare, enabling practitioners to hone their skills and knowledge in particular areas. Specialists typically undergo extensive training that includes residency programs and sometimes additional fellowships, allowing them to provide advanced care and treatment options. The diversification into various specialties ensures that patients receive expert diagnosis and management of their medical conditions, thus enhancing the quality of care.

An interesting fact about medical specialties is that many of them have unique subspecialties that have developed around advancements in technology and research. For instance, within internal medicine, there are subspecialties like cardiology and gastroenterology that focus on specific organ systems or diseases, demonstrating a continuous evolution of medical practice to incorporate new knowledge and techniques.

Here’s what each of the columns in the table means:

Focus Area: This column indicates the primary domain or aspect of health care that the specialty addresses, such as cardiology focusing on heart diseases or pediatrics centering on children’s health.

Training Required: This column specifies the education and training commitments needed to practice within the specialty, typically involving medical school, residency, and possibly fellowships for further specialization.

Common Procedures: This column outlines the typical medical interventions or treatments that practitioners in the specialty perform regularly, such as surgeries, diagnostic tests, or therapeutic measures.

Description: This column provides a brief overview of the specialty, including its scope of practice, the types of conditions treated, and the patient population served, giving insight into the role of the medical specialty in overall healthcare.

Medical specialties That Start With N

Medical specialties focus area training required common procedures
Nail Pathology Diagnosis and treatment of nail disorders Completion of a dermatology residency Nail biopsy, nail surgery
Nail Surgery Surgical treatment of nail disorders, including ingrown nails, fungal infections, and nail deformities. Specialized training in podiatry or dermatology, including residency. Nail removal, nail avulsion, nail bed repair.
Naprapathy Musculoskeletal disorders 4-year doctorate program Soft tissue manipulation, joint mobilization, nutritional counseling
Nasal and Sinus Surgery Surgical treatment of nasal and sinus conditions Completion of an otolaryngology (ENT) residency Rhinoplasty, septoplasty, endoscopic sinus surgery
Naturopathy Holistic and natural approaches to promoting health and treating illness Specialized training and certification in naturopathic medicine Herbal medicine, dietary supplements, homeopathy, hydrotherapy, mind-body therapies
Neonatal Cardiology Diagnosis and treatment of congenital and acquired heart conditions in newborns and infants. Specialized training in pediatric cardiology, including a fellowship in neonatal cardiology. Echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, surgical interventions.
Neonatal Dermatology diagnosis and treatment of skin conditions in newborns additional fellowship training in pediatric dermatology skin biopsies, laser treatments, topical/systemic therapies
Neonatal Hematology diagnosis and treatment of blood disorders in newborns additional fellowship training in pediatric hematology blood transfusions, bone marrow aspiration, medication management
Neonatal Neurology diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders in newborns additional fellowship training in pediatric neurology neurological exams, imaging tests, medication management
Neonatology Care of newborn infants 3-year fellowship after pediatric residency Resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, phototherapy
Neonatopathology Examination and diagnosis of diseases affecting newborn infants Medical degree, specialized residency training in pathology and neonatology Performing autopsies on newborns, analyzing tissue samples
Neonatophobia fear or phobia of newborn infants psychological counseling and therapy cognitive-behavioral therapy, exposure therapy
Neoplastic Dermatology Diagnosis and treatment of skin cancers and precancerous lesions Dermatology residency, additional training in dermatopathology Skin biopsies, excisions, Mohs surgery, photodynamic therapy
Neoplastic Hematology Diagnosis and treatment of blood cancers Completion of a hematology/oncology fellowship Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, chemotherapy administration
Nephrolithiasis Diagnosis and treatment of kidney stones Completion of a urology or nephrology residency Lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Nephrology Diseases of the kidneys 3-year fellowship after internal medicine residency Dialysis, kidney transplantation, fluid and electrolyte management
Nephropathology Examination and diagnosis of kidney diseases through biopsy analysis Completion of a pathology residency, often with a focus on renal pathology Kidney biopsy analysis, diagnosis of glomerular, tubular, and vascular diseases
Nephropathy any disease or disorder of the kidneys varies based on the specific condition kidney biopsies, dialysis, kidney transplantation
Neuroacanthocytosis Rare inherited disorders affecting the nervous system and red blood cells Completion of a neurology residency, often with subspecialty training Genetic testing, neurological examinations, treatment of neurological symptoms
Neuroanaesthesia Anaesthesia for neurosurgical and neurological procedures Completion of an anaesthesiology residency, often with additional training in neuroanaesthesia Administering anaesthesia for brain, spine, and peripheral nerve surgeries
Neuroanesthesiology Providing anesthesia for patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures Medical degree, specialized residency training in anesthesiology and additional fellowship in neuroanesthesiology Administering anesthesia for brain, spine, and peripheral nerve surgeries, monitoring patient vital signs and neurological function
Neurobiology Study of the structure and function of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves Doctoral degree in a relevant scientific field, such as biology, neuroscience, or psychology Conducting research using experimental models, imaging techniques, and computational methods
Neurocognitive Disorders impairment in cognitive function due to neurological conditions neuropsychological assessment, cognitive rehabilitation cognitive testing, medication management, adaptive strategies
Neurodermatology diagnosis and treatment of skin conditions related to the nervous system additional training in dermatology and neurology skin biopsies, nerve conduction studies, medication management
Neurodevelopmental Disabilities Disorders affecting the development of the nervous system 3-year fellowship after pediatric residency Developmental assessments, cognitive and behavioral therapies
Neurodevelopmental Psychiatry Diagnosis and treatment of developmental disorders Completion of a psychiatry residency and fellowship in child and adolescent psychiatry Psychotherapy, medication management
Neurodysfunction abnormal or impaired functioning of the nervous system varied based on the underlying cause neurological exams, imaging tests, rehabilitation therapies
Neuroendocrinology Study of the interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine system Specialized training in neuroendocrinology, typically as a subspecialty of endocrinology or neurology Hormone testing, management of conditions related to hormone imbalances
Neuroepidemiology Study of the distribution and determinants of neurological diseases in populations Completion of a neurology residency, often with additional training in epidemiology Conducting population-based studies, analyzing disease trends and risk factors
Neuroergonomics study of the interaction between the human brain and technology or work environments specialized training in cognitive neuroscience and ergonomics cognitive assessments, workplace evaluations, design recommendations
Neurofibromatosis Genetic disorders characterized by the growth of tumors along nerves Completion of a medical genetics or neurology residency Genetic testing, management of tumor growth and associated complications
Neurogastroenterology Study and treatment of disorders affecting the interaction between the nervous system and the gastrointestinal system Specialized training in gastroenterology and neurology Evaluation of gut-brain axis, management of conditions like irritable bowel syndrome, gastroparesis
Neurogastroenterology and Motility Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and related nervous system Completion of a gastroenterology fellowship with additional training in neurogastroenterology Esophageal manometry, anorectal manometry, biofeedback therapy
Neurogenetics Genetic basis of neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders Medical genetics or neurology residency, additional training in molecular genetics Genetic testing, counseling, management of inherited neurological conditions
Neurohospitalist Inpatient care and management of patients with acute neurological conditions Completion of a neurology residency, with additional training in hospital-based care Diagnosing and treating acute neurological emergencies, coordinating inpatient care
Neuroimmunology study of the interactions between the nervous system and the immune system additional fellowship training in neuroimmunology immune system testing, neurological exams, treatment of autoimmune disorders
Neuroinfectious Diseases infectious diseases that affect the nervous system infectious disease training, neurology training diagnostic tests, antimicrobial therapies, supportive care
Neuroinflammation Study of the inflammatory processes in the central nervous system and their role in neurological diseases Specialized training in neuroscience, immunology, and inflammation biology Evaluation of biomarkers, management of neuroinflammatory conditions
Neuroinformatics Application of informatics methods to the study of the nervous system Doctoral degree in a relevant field, such as computer science, neuroscience, or biomedical engineering Developing computational models of neural systems, analyzing large-scale neuroimaging data
Neurointensive Care Specialized care for patients with acute, life-threatening neurological conditions Medical degree, specialized residency training in critical care medicine and additional fellowship in neurocritical care Monitoring and managing patients with traumatic brain injuries, strokes, or other neurological emergencies
Neurointensivism Critical care management of patients with acute neurological emergencies Completion of a neurology or critical care medicine residency, with additional training in neurointensive care Managing patients with severe neurological conditions, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, and status epilepticus, in the intensive care unit
Neurointervention Minimally invasive, image-guided treatment of neurological conditions Completion of a neuroradiology or neurosurgery residency and fellowship in neurointervention Endovascular procedures, such as thrombectomy, aneurysm coiling, and arteriovenous malformation embolization
Neurolinguistics study of the neural mechanisms underlying language and communication additional training in neuroscience and linguistics neuropsychological assessments, functional imaging studies
Neurology Diseases of the nervous system 4-year residency after medical school Neurological examinations, neuroimaging, electrodiagnostic testing
Neuromuscular Disease disorders affecting the nerves, muscles, or neuromuscular junction neurology training, electrodiagnostic testing nerve conduction studies, muscle biopsies, medication management
Neuromyelitis Optica an autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the optic nerves and spinal cord additional training in neuroimmunology and neurology immunomodulatory therapies, plasma exchange, assistive devices
Neuron Regeneration the regrowth and repair of damaged or diseased neurons stem cell research, tissue engineering, neuroplasticity studies nerve grafts, cell-based therapies, neurorehabilitation
Neuropalliative Care palliative and supportive care for patients with neurological disorders specialized training in neurology and palliative medicine pain and symptom management, advance care planning, psychosocial support
Neuropathic Pain pain caused by damage or dysfunction in the nervous system neurology training, pain management expertise anticonvulsants, antidepressants, topical therapies
Neuropathology Diagnosis and study of diseases and injuries affecting the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Specialized medical training in pathology, including a fellowship in neuropathology. Tissue sampling, microscopic analysis, molecular testing.
Neuropediatrics the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders in children pediatric neurology training neurological exams, imaging tests, medication management
Neurophysiology Study of the function of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves Specialized training in neuroscience and clinical neurophysiology Electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), nerve conduction studies
Neuropsychiatry Assessment and treatment of the interaction between the brain and behavior Completion of a psychiatry residency and additional training in neuropsychiatry Neuropsychological testing, psychotherapy, medication management
Neuropsychology the study of the relationship between the brain and behavior doctoral-level training in psychology and neuroscience cognitive and behavioral assessments, rehabilitation therapies
Neuroradiology Imaging of the nervous system 1-2 year fellowship after radiology residency Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and other imaging techniques
Neurorhetoric the study of the cognitive and neural processes involved in rhetoric and communication interdisciplinary training in neuroscience, cognitive science, and rhetoric neuroimaging studies, discourse analysis, communication skills training
Neurosarcoidosis a form of sarcoidosis that primarily affects the nervous system neurology training, expertise in sarcoidosis management immunosuppressive medications, corticosteroids, biologic therapies
Neurosurgery Surgery of the nervous system 7-year residency after medical school Brain surgery, spinal surgery, peripheral nerve surgery
Neurosurgical Oncology the surgical treatment of brain and spinal cord tumors neurosurgery training with additional oncology focus brain and spinal cord tumor resection, stereotactic radiosurgery
Neurosyphilis a late-stage complication of syphilis that affects the nervous system infectious disease training, neurology expertise lumbar puncture, antibiotic therapy, neurological monitoring
Neurotology Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the ear, especially those affecting hearing and balance. Specialized training in otolaryngology (ENT) with a focus on neurotology. Cochlear implantation, vestibular rehabilitation, surgical management of ear disorders.
Neurotoxicology the study of the adverse effects of chemicals and substances on the nervous system toxicology training, expertise in neuroscience neurological exams, exposure assessments, laboratory testing
Neurotransmitter Disorders conditions caused by imbalances or dysfunctions in neurotransmitter systems neurology training, expertise in neurochemistry neurotransmitter testing, medication management, dietary interventions
Neurotrauma Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic injuries to the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Specialized training in neurosurgery, neurology, or emergency medicine, with a focus on neurotrauma. Craniotomy, spinal decompression, peripheral nerve repair.
Neurovascular Medicine Diagnosis and treatment of disorders affecting the blood vessels supplying the brain and nervous system Specialized training in neurology, vascular medicine, and endovascular intervention Carotid artery stenting, intracranial angioplasty and stenting, treatment of cerebral aneurysms
Neurovascular Surgery the surgical treatment of disorders affecting the blood vessels of the brain and spinal cord neurosurgery training with additional focus on vascular pathologies cerebral aneurysm repair, arteriovenous malformation resection, carotid endarterectomy
Nuclear Cardiology Diagnostic imaging techniques using radioactive tracers to evaluate heart function and detect cardiovascular diseases. Specialized training in cardiology, nuclear medicine, or radiology, with a focus on nuclear cardiology. Myocardial perfusion imaging, cardiac PET scans, MUGA scans.
Nuclear Endocrinology Use of nuclear imaging techniques to evaluate and manage endocrine disorders Completion of an endocrinology fellowship and additional training in nuclear endocrinology Radioiodine therapy for thyroid disorders, PET/CT imaging of endocrine tumors
Nuclear Medicine Diagnostic and therapeutic use of radioactive materials 4-year residency after medical school Positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), radioiodine therapy
Nuclear Oncology Use of nuclear imaging and radiopharmaceuticals in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer Completion of a nuclear medicine or radiation oncology residency and additional training in nuclear oncology Radioimmunotherapy, radionuclide therapy, PET/CT imaging of tumors
Nuclear Psychiatry Use of nuclear imaging techniques to study brain function and neuropsychiatric disorders Completion of a psychiatry residency and additional training in nuclear psychiatry SPECT and PET imaging of the brain, amyloid PET imaging
Nurse Anesthetist Administration of anesthesia Master’s degree program or doctoral program General anesthesia, regional anesthesia, pain management
Nurse Practitioner Primary and specialty care Master’s degree or doctoral program Comprehensive patient assessments, prescribing medications, ordering and interpreting tests
Nursing Administration Leadership and management of nursing practices and healthcare organizations Graduate-level education in nursing, healthcare management, or business administration Strategic planning, budgeting, policy development, team management
Nursing Education Instruction and curriculum development for nursing students and healthcare professionals Graduate-level education in nursing, nursing education, or higher education Classroom instruction, clinical supervision, curriculum design, educational research
Nursing Informatics Application of information and communication technologies to nursing practice, education, and research. Specialized nursing education, often with a master’s or doctoral degree in nursing informatics. Design and implementation of digital health systems, data analysis, and workflow optimization.
Nutrition Dietary needs and nutritional status Varies, can include bachelor’s, master’s, or doctoral degree Dietary counseling, nutrition education, medical nutrition therapy

Descriptions

Nail Pathology
Nail Pathology is a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of various disorders affecting the nails, including fungal infections, tumors, and other nail abnormalities.
Nail Surgery
Nail Surgery focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of various nail conditions, such as ingrown nails, fungal infections, and nail deformities. Podiatrists or dermatologists with specialized training perform procedures like nail removal, nail avulsion, and nail bed repair to restore nail health and function.
Naprapathy
A form of manual therapy that focuses on the connective tissue, muscles, and joints. Naprapaths use various techniques to alleviate pain and improve function.
Nasal and Sinus Surgery
Nasal and Sinus Surgery is a subspecialty of otolaryngology that deals with the surgical treatment of issues affecting the nose and sinuses, such as nasal obstruction, chronic sinusitis, and nasal deformities.
Naturopathy
Naturopathy is a distinct primary health care profession that emphasizes the use of natural therapies to support and stimulate the body’s innate healing capacity.
Neonatal Cardiology
Neonatal Cardiology specializes in the evaluation and management of heart conditions in newborns and infants, including congenital heart defects, arrhythmias, and other cardiac issues. Pediatric cardiologists with additional training in neonatology provide comprehensive care for these vulnerable patients.
Neonatal Dermatology
Specializes in recognizing and managing a wide range of dermatological issues that can affect newborns, including birthmarks, infections, and genetic skin disorders.
Neonatal Hematology
Focuses on the unique hematological needs of premature and full-term infants, addressing conditions such as anemia, bleeding disorders, and immune system abnormalities.
Neonatal Neurology
Specializes in the assessment and management of neurological conditions affecting newborns, including seizures, brain injuries, and congenital neurological anomalies.
Neonatology
A subspecialty of pediatrics that focuses on the medical care of newborn infants, especially those born prematurely or with medical complications.
Neonatopathology
Subspecialty of pathology that focuses on the investigation of diseases and conditions affecting newborn babies, often to determine the cause of death or understand disease processes.
Neonatophobia
A specific phobia characterized by an intense, irrational fear of newborn babies, which can lead to significant distress and avoidance of situations involving infants.
Neoplastic Dermatology
Subspecialty addressing the unique needs of patients with cutaneous malignancies, including melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.
Neoplastic Hematology
Neoplastic Hematology is a subspecialty of hematology that focuses on the diagnosis and management of blood, bone marrow, and lymph node cancers, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma.
Nephrolithiasis
Nephrolithiasis is a subspecialty that specializes in the evaluation, prevention, and treatment of kidney stones, including the use of minimally invasive procedures to remove them.
Nephrology
A specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases, including kidney failure, hypertension, and electrolyte imbalances.
Nephropathology
Nephropathology is the subspecialty of pathology that focuses on the microscopic examination and diagnosis of kidney diseases through the analysis of kidney biopsy samples.
Nephropathy
A broad term encompassing a wide range of kidney diseases, including glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and diabetic kidney disease, often requiring specialized medical management.
Neuroacanthocytosis
Neuroacanthocytosis refers to a group of rare inherited disorders that affect the nervous system and lead to the abnormal shape of red blood cells, known as acanthocytes.
Neuroanaesthesia
Neuroanaesthesia is the subspecialty of anaesthesiology focused on the administration of anaesthesia for neurosurgical and other neurological procedures, requiring specialized knowledge of the nervous system and its unique anaesthetic considerations.
Neuroanesthesiology
Specialty that involves the administration of anesthesia for patients undergoing neurosurgical operations, requiring expertise in the anatomy and physiology of the central nervous system.
Neurobiology
Interdisciplinary field that investigates the biological mechanisms underlying the nervous system, including neural development, plasticity, and disorders.
Neurocognitive Disorders
A group of disorders that affect cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving, often associated with conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke.
Neurodermatology
Focuses on the interplay between the skin and the nervous system, treating conditions like shingles, nerve-related skin rashes, and skin manifestations of neurological disorders.
Neurodevelopmental Disabilities
A subspecialty of pediatrics that focuses on the diagnosis and management of conditions that affect the development of the brain and nervous system, such as autism, Down syndrome, and cerebral palsy.
Neurodevelopmental Psychiatry
Neurodevelopmental Psychiatry is a subspecialty of psychiatry that focuses on the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of developmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, and intellectual disability, in children and adolescents.
Neurodysfunction
A broad term describing any disruption or impairment in the normal functioning of the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves, which can lead to a wide range of neurological symptoms and disabilities.
Neuroendocrinology
Neuroendocrinology focuses on how the brain regulates hormone production and how hormones, in turn, affect brain function and behavior.
Neuroepidemiology
Neuroepidemiology is the subspecialty of epidemiology that focuses on the study of the distribution, patterns, and causes of neurological diseases and disorders in human populations.
Neuroergonomics
Aims to optimize human-machine interactions by understanding how the brain perceives, processes, and responds to various technological and work-related stimuli, with the goal of enhancing performance, safety, and well-being.
Neurofibromatosis
Neurofibromatosis refers to a group of genetic disorders characterized by the growth of tumors along the nerves, which can lead to a variety of neurological and physical manifestations.
Neurogastroenterology
Neurogastroenterology investigates the nervous system’s role in gastrointestinal functions and the pathophysiology of disorders involving the gut-brain axis.
Neurogastroenterology and Motility
Neurogastroenterology and Motility is a subspecialty of gastroenterology that focuses on the diagnosis and management of disorders affecting the function and movement of the gastrointestinal tract, including conditions like irritable bowel syndrome, gastroparesis, and chronic constipation.
Neurogenetics
Specialty that investigates the genetic factors underlying a wide range of nervous system diseases, from Alzheimer’s to autism, and applies this knowledge to diagnosis and treatment.
Neurohospitalist
Neurohospitalists are neurologists who specialize in the inpatient care and management of patients with acute neurological conditions, such as stroke, seizures, and traumatic brain injuries.
Neuroimmunology
Investigates the complex relationship between the nervous system and the immune system, and how their interactions contribute to the development and treatment of neurological and autoimmune disorders.
Neuroinfectious Diseases
Specializes in the recognition, diagnosis, and management of infectious diseases that primarily target the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves, such as meningitis, encephalitis, and neurosyphilis.
Neuroinflammation
Neuroinflammation research aims to understand the mechanisms by which inflammation contributes to the development and progression of neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis.
Neuroinformatics
Focuses on the use of computational methods and tools to study the structure, function, and disorders of the nervous system, often involving the integration of data from various sources.
Neurointensive Care
Subspecialty of critical care medicine that focuses on the intensive care and management of patients with severe neurological injuries or disorders, often in a dedicated neurological intensive care unit.
Neurointensivism
Neurointensivists are physicians who specialize in the critical care management of patients with acute neurological emergencies, requiring specialized knowledge of the pathophysiology and treatment of life-threatening neurological conditions.
Neurointervention
Neurointervention is a subspecialty of radiology and neurosurgery that uses advanced imaging techniques and minimally invasive, image-guided procedures to treat various neurological conditions, such as stroke, brain aneurysms, and vascular malformations.
Neurolinguistics
Investigates how the brain processes, produces, and comprehends language, and how language abilities are affected by neurological conditions, such as aphasia, dyslexia, and autism spectrum disorders.
Neurology
A specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and muscles, including stroke, epilepsy, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis.
Neuromuscular Disease
Encompasses a wide range of conditions that impair the proper functioning of the nerves, muscles, or the connections between them, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), myasthenia gravis, and muscular dystrophies.
Neuromyelitis Optica
A rare, potentially severe autoimmune condition that selectively targets the optic nerves and spinal cord, causing vision loss, paralysis, and other neurological symptoms, often requiring specialized management.
Neuron Regeneration
Focuses on understanding and developing strategies to promote the regeneration and repair of neurons, which can help improve outcomes in various neurological conditions, such as spinal cord injuries, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Neuropalliative Care
Provides comprehensive, patient-centered care for individuals with debilitating neurological conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, with a focus on improving quality of life, managing symptoms, and supporting patients and their families.
Neuropathic Pain
Specializes in the diagnosis and management of chronic pain conditions that arise from injury or dysfunction within the nervous system, such as diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, and complex regional pain syndrome.
Neuropathology
Neuropathology focuses on the identification and characterization of diseases and disorders that affect the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Neuropathologists use a combination of tissue sampling, microscopic analysis, and molecular testing to diagnose and study these complex conditions.
Neuropediatrics
Focuses on the unique neurological needs of infants, children, and adolescents, addressing a wide range of conditions, including developmental delays, seizures, headaches, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Neurophysiology
Neurophysiology involves the investigation of the electrical and biochemical functions of the nervous system and its role in normal and pathological conditions.
Neuropsychiatry
Neuropsychiatry is a subspecialty of psychiatry that focuses on the assessment and treatment of mental disorders and behavioral issues that are associated with or caused by underlying neurological conditions, such as traumatic brain injury, dementia, and neurological diseases.
Neuropsychology
Specializes in the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral problems resulting from brain injury, disease, or developmental factors, with the goal of helping patients improve their functioning and quality of life.
Neuroradiology
A subspecialty of radiology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions affecting the brain, spine, and peripheral nerves using advanced imaging techniques.
Neurorhetoric
Explores how the brain processes and produces persuasive language, with applications in fields like public speaking, advertising, and political discourse, to better understand the neural mechanisms underlying effective communication.
Neurosarcoidosis
A rare condition in which granulomas (collections of inflammatory cells) form in the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves, leading to a variety of neurological symptoms, such as headaches, seizures, and cranial nerve palsies.
Neurosurgery
A surgical specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and supporting structures, including tumors, trauma, and vascular disorders.
Neurosurgical Oncology
Specializes in the surgical management of primary and metastatic brain and spinal cord tumors, using advanced techniques like image-guided surgery, minimally invasive approaches, and intraoperative imaging to maximize tumor removal while preserving neurological function.
Neurosyphilis
A serious, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the spread of the syphilis bacterium to the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves, leading to a range of neurological symptoms, such as dementia, paralysis, and sensory deficits.
Neurotology
Neurotology is a subspecialty of otolaryngology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of disorders affecting the ear, particularly those related to hearing and balance. Neurotologists perform specialized procedures like cochlear implantation, vestibular rehabilitation, and surgical management of ear conditions.
Neurotoxicology
Focuses on the identification, prevention, and treatment of neurological injuries and disorders caused by exposure to various toxins, including heavy metals, pesticides, solvents, and illicit drugs, with the goal of protecting public health and the environment.
Neurotransmitter Disorders
A group of rare, inherited disorders that result from genetic defects affecting the production, metabolism, or function of specific neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, serotonin, and GABA, leading to a variety of neurological and psychiatric symptoms.
Neurotrauma
Neurotrauma is the field of medicine that deals with the evaluation and management of traumatic injuries to the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Neurosurgeons, neurologists, and emergency medicine physicians with specialized training in this area provide comprehensive care for patients with these complex and often life-threatening injuries.
Neurovascular Medicine
Neurovascular medicine focuses on the management of conditions like stroke, cerebrovascular malformations, and disorders of the blood supply to the brain and spinal cord.
Neurovascular Surgery
Specializes in the surgical management of conditions that involve the blood vessels supplying the brain and spinal cord, such as strokes, brain hemorrhages, and vascular malformations, using advanced techniques to preserve neurological function and prevent further complications.
Nuclear Cardiology
Nuclear Cardiology utilizes advanced imaging techniques that involve the administration of radioactive tracers to assess heart function, blood flow, and the presence of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiologists, nuclear medicine specialists, and radiologists with specialized training in this field perform and interpret these specialized cardiac imaging tests.
Nuclear Endocrinology
Nuclear Endocrinology is a subspecialty that combines endocrinology and nuclear medicine to use radioactive tracers and imaging techniques, such as PET and SPECT scans, to diagnose and manage endocrine disorders, including thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal gland conditions.
Nuclear Medicine
A specialty that uses radioactive substances to diagnose and treat various medical conditions, such as cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders, by imaging the body’s physiological processes.
Nuclear Oncology
Nuclear Oncology is a subspecialty that utilizes nuclear medicine techniques, such as PET/CT scans and targeted radiopharmaceutical therapies, for the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of various types of cancer.
Nuclear Psychiatry
Nuclear Psychiatry is a subspecialty that employs nuclear imaging techniques, like SPECT and PET scans, to investigate the neural correlates of psychiatric disorders and to assist in the diagnosis and management of conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and major depressive disorder.
Nurse Anesthetist
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) who administers anesthesia to patients before, during, and after surgical, obstetrical, and other medical procedures, working in collaboration with anesthesiologists or surgeons.
Nurse Practitioner
An advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) who provides a wide range of healthcare services, including diagnosing and treating acute and chronic conditions, ordering and interpreting tests, and prescribing medication, often in collaboration with physicians.
Nursing Administration
Nursing administration involves the oversight and coordination of nursing services, including the management of nursing staff, resources, and the implementation of healthcare policies and initiatives.
Nursing Education
Nursing education involves the preparation and ongoing training of nurses, including the development and delivery of educational programs, teaching methods, and the evaluation of nursing competencies.
Nursing Informatics
Nursing Informatics is the intersection of nursing, information science, and computer science. Nurses with specialized training in this field apply their knowledge of information technology to improve patient care, enhance nursing workflows, and support evidence-based practice through the use of digital health systems and data analysis.
Nutrition
A specialty that focuses on the study of food and its components, as well as the assessment, planning, and implementation of nutritional care to promote health, prevent disease, and manage medical conditions.

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