There are a total of 1,117 Spanish last names compiled in this comprehensive list. The selection includes widely used surnames, regional and historical variants, and names with diacritics and documented etymologies.

Spanish last names are family names used across Spain and Latin America that often reflect geographic, patronymic, occupational, or descriptive origins. They range from single-word names to compound toponyms and may include particles like de or y and accent marks. Many people carry two surnames—one from each parent—preserving both paternal and maternal lines. These names serve legal, cultural, and genealogical functions and help trace family history and regional identity.

Interesting and little-known facts about Spanish last names:
– This compilation lists 1,117 surnames drawn from national registries, historical records, and authoritative surname dictionaries.
– Many common surnames end in -ez (for example, González, López, Martínez), a medieval patronymic suffix meaning “son of.”
– Top surnames such as García, Rodríguez, González, Fernández, and López repeatedly rank among the most frequent names across Spain and several Latin American countries.
– Surname studies often show correlations between patrilineal surnames and Y-chromosome lineages, a useful tool in genetic genealogy.
– Orthographic variants and diacritics (e.g., Fernández vs Fernandez) create multiple official forms and affect sorting and database searches.

The alphabetical index below directs readers to letter-specific lists. Each letter’s table contains these columns: [COLUMN_NAMES], showing meaning, variants, frequency, and up to two notable individuals.