This list includes 111 Adjectives that start with C, from “calm” to “cute”. Many entries are common in everyday English, so they help students, writers, and ESL learners find the right descriptor.
Adjectives that start with C are single-word descriptors that begin with the letter C. English has borrowed many such words from Latin and French, giving the list a mix of familiar and formal terms.
Below you’ll find the table with Adjective, Definition, Example, and Register.
Adjective: The word itself in base form; use it to scan and choose the exact descriptor you need.
Definition: A concise one-line meaning that helps you grasp subtle nuance and use the adjective correctly in context.
Example: A short natural sentence showing real usage so you can copy or adapt it for writing or practice.
Register: Notes on formality or dialect that tell you whether the adjective fits casual, formal, or archaic contexts.
Adjectives that start with C
| Adjective | Register | Definition | Example | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| calm | common | Free from agitation or strong emotion | She remained calm during the storm | From Latin “calmus” via Old French; collocates: sea, voice; antonyms: anxious, agitated; widely used in speech and writing. |
| capable | common | Having the ability or qualities needed for something | He is capable of finishing the job | From Latin capax; common in formal and informal contexts; synonyms: competent; antonym: incapable. |
| careful | common | Taking care to avoid harm or mistakes | Be careful with that glass vase | Frequent in everyday speech; collocates: attention, consideration; antonyms: careless. |
| careless | common | Not giving enough attention; negligent | A careless driver caused the accident | Very common; often contrasts with careful; synonyms: negligent, sloppy. |
| casual | common | Relaxed, informal, or unplanned | We had a casual conversation over coffee | Latin casualis; used for dress, remarks, relationships. |
| cautious | common | Avoiding risks or sudden actions | Be cautious on icy roads | Formality mid-level; collocates: approach, optimism; antonyms: reckless. |
| certain | common | Known for sure; definite | I am certain about the answer | From Latin certus; common in statements of fact; synonyms: sure. |
| clear | common | Easy to perceive, understand, or free from obstruction | The instructions are clear and simple | Extremely common; used visually and figuratively. |
| clever | common | Quick to understand or invent things | That was a clever solution to the problem | Positive praise; collocates: idea, trick; antonyms: dull. |
| clean | common | Free from dirt, stains, or impurities | Keep the kitchen clean and tidy | Very common; collocates: hands, bill, record. |
| clearheaded | common | Able to think clearly and sensibly | After coffee she felt clearheaded and ready | Compound but single word; common; useful in describing thinking. |
| cliental? | uncommon | [excluded — not attested as adjective] | ||
| clenched? | common | [participial adjective] | He had a clenched jaw from tension | From verb “clench”; used to describe tight, tense states; collocates: fists, jaw. |
| close | common | Near in space, time, or relationship | They live close to the station | Wide usage: physical, emotional, results “close call.” |
| cloudy | common | Covered with clouds; unclear or vague | The sky was cloudy all afternoon | Also figurative for unclear ideas; antonyms: clear. |
| clumsy | common | Awkward in movement or manner | He gave a clumsy apology | Used physically and socially; synonyms: awkward. |
| coarse | common | Rough in texture or crude in manner | The fabric was coarse and uncomfortable | Also means vulgar; antonyms: fine, refined. |
| coherent | common | Logically consistent and easy to follow | Her argument was coherent and persuasive | From Latin cohaerere; collocates: narrative, argument. |
| cold | common | Low in temperature or emotionally distant | The water was icy cold | Very common; multiple senses: physical and emotional. |
| colorful | common | Having bright colors or lively character | The garden was colorful in spring | US spelling; “colourful” is British; good for literal and figurative uses. |
| comfortable | common | Providing physical ease or free from stress | He felt comfortable in the new shoes | Very common; collocates: living, silence; antonyms: uncomfortable. |
| comforting | common | Providing consolation or reassurance | Her words were comforting to the shaken child | Present participle adjective; common in emotional contexts. |
| comic | common | Relating to comedy; amusing | The film had a comic tone throughout | Also means of a comic book; Latin comicus. |
| commanding | common | Having authority or impressive presence | He had a commanding view of the valley | Present participle adjective; formal tone; collocates: presence, height. |
| commercial | common | Related to business or commerce | The product had strong commercial appeal | Common in business contexts; collocates: success, break. |
| common | common | Occurring often; ordinary or usual | This is a common household problem | Very common meta-adjective; collocates: sense, knowledge. |
| comparative | common | Relating to comparison | We used a comparative study design | Formal; common in academic contexts; collocates: advantage, analysis. |
| compatible | common | Able to exist or work together without conflict | These devices are compatible with each other | Used for technology and relationships; antonym: incompatible. |
| compelling | common | Convincing or holding attention strongly | The evidence was compelling and clear | Positive praise; collocates: argument, reason. |
| competent | common | Having necessary skill or knowledge | She is a competent software developer | Formal everyday usage; synonyms: capable. |
| competitive | common | Relating to competition; ambitious | He is very competitive on the field | Common in sports/business; collocates: market, salary. |
| complete | common | Having all necessary parts; whole | The collection is now complete | Common; collocates: set, victory; antonyms: incomplete. |
| complex | common | Consisting of many connected parts; complicated | The issue is complex and requires study | Frequently used in technical and everyday contexts. |
| complicated | common | Difficult to understand or deal with | Their relationship was complicated by distance | Derived from verb but standard adjective; common. |
| complimentary | common | Expressing praise; given free of charge | She received a complimentary ticket to the concert | Beware: can mean “free” or “praising”; context matters. |
| composed | common | Calm and self-controlled | She remained composed under pressure | Past participle adjective; formal tone; collocates: demeanor. |
| comprehensive | formal | Including most or all elements or aspects | We need a comprehensive report by Friday | Formal, often in reports or tests; synonyms: thorough. |
| compulsory | formal | Required by law or rule; mandatory | Attendance is compulsory for all students | Formal; common in legal/educational contexts. |
| concealed | common | Hidden from view or kept secret | The weapon was concealed under his coat | Past-participle adjective; common in reporting and fiction. |
| concerned | common | Worried or involved in a matter | Parents are concerned about school safety | Very common; collocates: about; can be formal/informal. |
| concrete | common | Real, specific, or measurable; not abstract | We need concrete examples for the plan | Often contrasts with abstract. |
| concurrent | formal | Occurring at the same time | The two events were concurrent last week | Formal; used in law, computing, schedules. |
| condensed | common | Made denser or shorter; concentrated | The report was condensed into a summary | Past-participle adjective; common in writing contexts. |
| conditional | formal | Depending on a condition or requirement | Offer is conditional on passing the inspection | Formal; frequently in contracts and logic. |
| confident | common | Having self-assurance or certainty | She felt confident before the interview | Very common; collocates: about, confident smile. |
| confidential | formal | Meant to be kept secret or private | The file is confidential and for managers only | Formal; common in business and legal contexts. |
| confused | common | Unable to think clearly or understand | He looked confused by the instructions | Common; collocates: look, seem; synonyms: perplexed. |
| conscious | common | Aware of something; awake and responsive | She was conscious during the procedure | Medical and general senses; antonyms: unconscious. |
| consecutive | formal | Following one after another in order | They scored three consecutive wins | Formal; collocates: days, months, numbers. |
| conservative | common | Favoring traditional views or cautious change | He holds conservative political views | Also used for style and estimate; antonym: liberal. |
| considerable | common | Large in amount, size, or degree | They made a considerable effort to help | Common in writing; collocates: amount, attention. |
| considerate | common | Thoughtful of others’ feelings or needs | Be considerate when you park near others | Socially positive trait; antonym: inconsiderate. |
| consistent | common | Always behaving the same or in agreement | Her results are consistent over time | Common in evaluation contexts; antonym: inconsistent. |
| conspicuous | formal | Easily seen or attracting attention | The red sign was conspicuous on the wall | Formal; collocates: absence, consumption. |
| constant | common | Continuing without pause; steady | He was in constant pain for days | Common; collocates: vigilance, pressure. |
| constrained | formal | Restricted or limited | Resources were constrained by the budget cuts | Formal; often used in academic/business writing. |
| constructive | common | Serving to improve; helpful | We had a constructive discussion about the plan | Positive evaluative adjective; collocates: feedback, criticism. |
| contemporary | common | Belonging to the same period; modern | Contemporary art often challenges expectations | Used in time and style contexts. |
| contemptuous | formal | Showing strong dislike or scorn | She gave a contemptuous laugh at the idea | Strong negative tone; synonyms: disdainful. |
| content | common | Satisfied with what one has | He is content with his simple life | Also noun ‘content’; collocates: oneself; antonym: discontent. |
| contented | common | Feeling or showing satisfaction | The cat looked contented in the sun | Mildly formal; adjective formed from verb “content.” |
| contentious | formal | Causing or likely to cause disagreement | The issue is contentious in the community | Formal; collocates: debate, issue. |
| continual | common | Happening repeatedly with short pauses | There were continual interruptions during class | Slightly different from continuous; collocates: problems. |
| continuous | common | Uninterrupted in time or sequence | Continuous rain spoiled the picnic | Common in technical and everyday use. |
| contradictory | formal | Involving a contradiction or opposing statements | Their reports are contradictory and confusing | Formal; collocates: evidence, statements. |
| contrary | common | Opposite in nature or direction | It’s contrary to the rules to leave early | Used as adjective and preposition; collocates: to. |
| controversial | common | Causing public disagreement or debate | The plan became highly controversial online | Common in media contexts; collocates: issue. |
| convenient | common | Suited to one’s comfort or purpose | The store’s hours are convenient for shoppers | Everyday use; collocates: location, time. |
| conventional | common | Following accepted customs or standards | She prefers conventional solutions to risky ones | Common in contrast with innovative. |
| conversant | formal | Knowledgeable about or experienced with something | He is conversant in European history | Formal; often used with ‘in’ or ‘with’. |
| conversational | common | Appropriate to informal spoken exchange | The book adopts a conversational tone throughout | Common in style descriptions; collocates: tone. |
| convinced | common | Fully persuaded or sure about something | They are convinced of the project’s value | Past-participle adjective; common in opinion contexts. |
| convincing | common | Persuasive or believable | Her explanation was convincing and clear | Positive evaluative adjective; collocates: argument, performance. |
| cool | common | Moderately cold; calmly stylish or composed | She kept a cool head during negotiations | Extremely versatile; informal tones common. |
| cooperative | common | Willing to work together for common benefit | The team was cooperative throughout the project | Common in workplace contexts. |
| coordinated | common | Well-organized or matching in activity | The dancers moved in coordinated patterns | Past-participle adjective; often describes movement or plans. |
| correct | common | Free from error; accurate or appropriate | Please use the correct form on the form | Very common; collocates: answer, pronunciation. |
| corrupt | common | Morally degenerate or dishonest | The official accepted bribes and was corrupt | Political/legal contexts; antonym: honest. |
| cosy | common | Comfortable and warm (British spelling) | They sat in a cosy corner by the fire | British common; US form “cozy.” |
| costly | common | Expensive or causing loss | That mistake proved costly for the company | Used literally and figuratively. |
| countless | common | Too many to be counted; innumerable | There were countless stars visible that night | Figurative hyperbole; collocates: number, examples. |
| courageous | common | Showing bravery in the face of danger | The firefighters were courageous in the rescue | Positive moral praise; synonyms: brave. |
| courteous | formal | Polite and respectful | The staff remained courteous to all visitors | Formal-tone adjective; collocates: behavior, greeting. |
| cramped | common | Uncomfortably small or restricted in space | The apartment felt cramped with all the furniture | Describes spaces and sometimes writing style. |
| cranky | informal | Easily annoyed or ill-tempered | He was cranky after a poor night’s sleep | Informal; collocates: mood, driver. |
| crass | uncommon | Lacking sensitivity or refinement; rude | That was a crass remark at the dinner | Strong negative tone; formal writing sometimes uses it. |
| craven | archaic | Cowardly; lacking courage | The craven act shocked everyone | Archaic or literary; synonym: cowardly. |
| creative | common | Using imagination to produce original ideas | She offered a creative solution to the problem | Very common in arts and business contexts. |
| credible | common | Believable; able to be trusted | His story sounded credible to the judge | Important in evidence and reporting contexts. |
| critical | common | Expressing disapproval or crucially important | The report made several critical observations | Polysemous: critique vs emergency contexts. |
| crooked | common | Bent or dishonest; not straight | The picture hung crooked on the wall | Literal and figurative uses; collocates: smile, deal. |
| cruel | common | Deliberately causing pain or suffering | The punishment was cruel and unnecessary | Strong moral judgment; antonym: kind. |
| crucial | common | Extremely important or essential | Timing will be crucial for the plan’s success | Common in advice and analysis. |
| crude | common | Raw, unrefined, or offensively blunt | His crude joke offended the audience | Multiple senses: oil, remarks, calculations. |
| cruelty? | excluded | [noun only — excluded] | ||
| crumbling | common | Breaking into small fragments; declining | The old building looked crumbling and unsafe | Present-participle adjective; often describes structure or power decline. |
| crystal | uncommon | Very clear or transparent; crystal-like | The water was crystal clear that morning | Often paired as “crystal clear”; descriptive. |
| cryptic | common | Mysterious or having hidden meaning | She left a cryptic note on the table | Common in puzzles and literature. |
| cultivated | formal | Educated, refined, or prepared for growth | The garden looked cultivated and well-kept | Past-participle adjective; formal; collocates: tastes. |
| cultural | common | Relating to culture or customs | Cultural traditions vary widely between regions | Very common in social sciences. |
| culinary | formal | Relating to cooking or chefs | He enrolled in a culinary school last year | Used in food and hospitality contexts. |
| culpable | formal | Deserving blame or responsibility | The manager was culpable for the oversight | Legal/formal register; synonyms: blameworthy. |
| cumulative | formal | Increasing by successive additions | The cumulative effects were visible after years | Common in statistics and studies. |
| curative | uncommon | Able to cure disease or problems | They sought a curative treatment for the illness | Mostly used in medical or promotional contexts. |
| curious | common | Eager to learn or unusual and interesting | The cat was curious about the new box | Neutral positive; collocates: case, fact. |
| current | common | Happening now or present-day | The current policy is under review | Very common; collocates: affairs, events. |
| cursory | formal | Done quickly and without thoroughness | He gave the report a cursory glance | Formal; warns of superficial treatment. |
| curt | common | Brief to the point of rudeness | His curt reply offended several colleagues | Short and sometimes rude tone; synonyms: abrupt. |
| curvy | informal | Having a rounded shape or curves | She prefers shoes that suit a curvy figure | Informal; often used in fashion contexts. |
| cute | common | Attractive in a harmless, endearing way | The puppy looked cute and playful | Informal everyday usage. |