This list covers 7 medical specialties, ranging alphabetically from “Bariatric Medicine” to “Breast Surgical Oncology.” These fields share a focus on precise, targeted care, spanning surgery, imaging, rehabilitation, and behavioral health. Doctors and patients use this information to understand which specialist treats a specific condition, from obesity management to brain injury recovery.

Medical specialties are focused areas of medicine where doctors develop deep expertise in treating specific conditions or body systems. This tradition dates back to the early 20th century, when rapid advances in surgery and diagnostics made it impossible for one doctor to master everything. Today, a single field like breast surgical oncology can involve years of extra training beyond general medical school.

Below you’ll find the table with the medical specialty and its description.

Medical Specialty: the official name of the field, so you can quickly identify the area of medicine you’re looking for.

Description: a short, plain-language summary explaining what the specialty treats and how it helps patients in everyday care.

Medical specialties

Medical Specialty
Bariatric Medicine
Bariatric Surgery
Behavioral Neurology
Blood Banking and Transfusion Medicine
Brain Injury Medicine
Breast Imaging
Breast Surgical Oncology

Descriptions

Bariatric Medicine
Focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of obesity through lifestyle changes, medication, and coordinated weight-management care plans.
Bariatric Surgery
A surgical specialty that performs weight-loss procedures like gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy for patients with severe obesity.
Behavioral Neurology
Studies how brain disorders affect behavior, cognition, and memory, often treating conditions like dementia and traumatic brain injury.
Blood Banking and Transfusion Medicine
A pathology subspecialty that manages the collection, testing, and safe transfusion of blood and blood products.
Brain Injury Medicine
A rehabilitation subspecialty dedicated to treating patients recovering from concussions and traumatic brain injuries.
Breast Imaging
A radiology subspecialty focused on mammography and other imaging techniques used to detect and monitor breast disease.
Breast Surgical Oncology
A surgical subspecialty dedicated to diagnosing and treating breast cancer, including lumpectomies and mastectomies.
If you think there is a missing term, let us know using the contact form.