Eighty mammals that start with the letter E make up this complete and carefully selected list. These species come from all over the world, ranging from the massive African Bush Elephant to the rare Western Long-beaked Echidna. Many of these mammals share unique traits such as their important roles in their ecosystems, remarkable adaptations, or distinctive physical features that help them survive in diverse habitats.
Explore the full table below to learn more about these fascinating mammals.
Mammal Name This column lists the common names of mammals that begin with the letter E. Knowing the common name helps you easily identify and recognize each species.
Scientific Name Here you find the official Latin names used by scientists to classify and identify the mammals precisely. Scientific names ensure accuracy and help avoid confusion caused by local or multiple common names.
Habitat This section describes the typical environments where each mammal lives, such as forests, grasslands, or deserts. Understanding habitat provides insight into the natural conditions these animals need to thrive.
Average Size (cm) This column gives the average length or height of the mammal in centimeters. Size helps compare animals and understand their physical scale in relation to their environment.
Description Each description offers a brief summary of the mammal’s key characteristics, diet, behavior, or conservation status. These details provide a quick overview for educational and learning purposes.
Mammals that start with E
| Mammal Name | Scientific Name | Habitat | Average Size (cm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eastern Chipmunk | Tamias striatus | Woodlands, forests, suburban areas, eastern North America | 16 |
| Eastern Cottontail | Sylvilagus floridanus | Open fields, meadows, forests, shrubby areas, eastern North America | 43 |
| Eastern Gray Kangaroo | Macropus giganteus | Woodlands, grasslands, eucalyptus forests, eastern Australia | 185 |
| Eastern Mole | Scalopus aquaticus | Woodlands, fields, lawns with moist, loose soil, eastern North America | 18 |
| Eastern Quoll | Dasyurus viverrinus | Grasslands, forests, woodlands, open country, Tasmania | 38 |
| Eastern Red Bat | Lasiurus borealis | Forests, woodlands, often near water, eastern North America | 10 |
| Eastern Spotted Skunk | Spilogale putorius | Woodlands, forests, shrubby areas, prairies, eastern and central United States | 38 |
| Short-beaked Echidna | Tachyglossus aculeatus | Forests, woodlands, grasslands, deserts, Australia and New Guinea | 38 |
| Eastern Long-beaked Echidna | Zaglossus bartoni | Montane forests, alpine grasslands, New Guinea | 80 |
| Sir David’s Long-beaked Echidna | Zaglossus attenboroughi | Cyclops Mountains, Papua, Indonesia | 40 |
| Western Long-beaked Echidna | Zaglossus bruijnii | Montane forests, alpine meadows, New Guinea | 80 |
| Egyptian Fruit Bat | Rousettus aegyptiacus | Caves, abandoned buildings, trees, forests, savanna, Africa, Middle East | 16 |
| Egyptian Mongoose | Herpestes ichneumon | Woodlands, savannas, shrublands, coasts, Africa, Middle East, Iberian Peninsula | 54 |
| Egyptian Slit-faced Bat | Nycteris thebaica | Caves, rock shelters, abandoned buildings, arid and semi-arid regions, Africa, Middle East | 5.5 |
| Egyptian Tomb Bat | Taphozous perforatus | Tombs, caves, old buildings, arid and semi-arid regions, Africa, Middle East, India | 6.5 |
| African Straw-colored Fruit Bat | Eidolon helvum | Forests, savannas, urban areas, sub-Saharan Africa | 18 |
| Common Eland | Taurotragus oryx | Savannas, woodlands, grasslands, eastern and southern Africa | 165 |
| Giant Eland | Taurotragus derbianus | Forests, woodlands, savannas, central and western Africa | 180 |
| African Bush Elephant | Loxodonta africana | Savannas, grasslands, forests, deserts, sub-Saharan Africa | 360 |
| African Forest Elephant | Loxodonta cyclotis | Dense rainforests, central and western Africa | 260 |
| Asian Elephant | Elephas maximus | Forests, grasslands, tropical jungles, South and Southeast Asia | 275 |
| Northern Elephant Seal | Mirounga angustirostris | Coastal waters, breeding on islands and remote mainland beaches, North Pacific | 450 |
| Southern Elephant Seal | Mirounga leonina | Subpolar and Antarctic waters, breeding on islands, Southern Ocean | 515 |
| Black and Rufous Elephant Shrew | Rhynchocyon petersi | Tropical forests, dense undergrowth, East Africa | 26 |
| Checkered Elephant Shrew | Rhynchocyon cirnei | Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, East-Central Africa | 25 |
| Four-toed Elephant Shrew | Petrodromus tetradactylus | Forests, woodlands, savannas, East and Southern Africa | 20 |
| Golden-rumped Elephant Shrew | Rhynchocyon chrysopygus | Coastal forests, Kenya | 26 |
| Round-eared Elephant Shrew | Macroscelides proboscideus | Arid and semi-arid regions, scrubland, Southern Africa | 12 |
| Elegant Water Shrew | Nectogale elegans | Mountain streams, forests, wetlands, Southeast Asia | 11.5 |
| Garden Dormouse | Eliomys quercinus | Forests, woodlands, rocky areas, Central and Southern Europe | 12.5 |
| Elk | Cervus canadensis | Forests, woodlands, grasslands, North America, East Asia | 140 |
| Sea Otter | Enhydra lutris | Coastal waters, kelp forests, North Pacific Ocean | 125 |
| Wahlberg’s Epauletted Fruit Bat | Epomophorus wahlbergi | Forests, woodlands, savannas, sub-Saharan Africa | 16 |
| Franquet’s Epauletted Fruit Bat | Epomops franqueti | Forests, woodlands, sub-Saharan Africa | 16 |
| Big Brown Bat | Eptesicus fuscus | Forests, woodlands, urban areas, caves, buildings, North America | 11 |
| Northern Bat | Eptesicus nilssonii | Forests, mountains, urban areas, Europe and Asia | 5.5 |
| Domestic Donkey | Equus asinus | Domesticated worldwide, wild ancestors in deserts, grasslands | 115 |
| Domestic Horse | Equus caballus | Domesticated worldwide, wild ancestors in grasslands, steppes | 160 |
| Grevy’s Zebra | Equus grevyi | Semi-arid grasslands, savannas, shrublands, East Africa | 150 |
| Onager | Equus hemionus | Deserts, semi-deserts, arid grasslands, Central Asia, Middle East | 125 |
| Kiang | Equus kiang | Alpine grasslands, steppes, plateaus, Tibetan Plateau | 135 |
| Plains Zebra | Equus quagga | Grasslands, savannas, woodlands, Eastern and Southern Africa | 130 |
| Mountain Zebra | Equus zebra | Mountainous areas, rocky slopes, grasslands, Southern Africa | 125 |
| North American Porcupine | Erethizon dorsatum | Forests, woodlands, deserts, North America | 75 |
| Amur Hedgehog | Erinaceus amurensis | Forests, woodlands, grasslands, Far East Asia (Siberia, China, Korea) | 22.5 |
| Ermine | Mustela erminea | Forests, grasslands, tundra, northern Europe, Asia, North America | 25 |
| Gray Whale | Eschrichtius robustus | Coastal waters, Arctic to temperate North Pacific | 1,400 |
| Ethiopian Highland Hare | Lepus starcki | Montane grasslands, afro-alpine zones, Ethiopian Highlands | 50 |
| Ethiopian Wolf | Canis simensis | Afro-alpine grasslands, moorlands, Ethiopian Highlands | 95 |
| Southern Right Whale | Eubalaena australis | Coastal waters, Southern Ocean, temperate to subpolar | 1,600 |
| North Atlantic Right Whale | Eubalaena glacialis | Coastal waters, North Atlantic Ocean | 1,450 |
| North Pacific Right Whale | Eubalaena japonica | Coastal waters, North Pacific Ocean | 1,600 |
| Spotted Bat | Euderma maculatum | Deserts, arid shrublands, forests, Western North America | 10.5 |
| Thomson’s Gazelle | Eudorcas thomsonii | Grasslands, savannas, East Africa | 62.5 |
| Crowned Lemur | Eulemur coronatus | Dry deciduous forests, Madagascar | 32.5 |
| Common Brown Lemur | Eulemur fulvus | Dry deciduous forests, rainforests, Madagascar | 45 |
| Black Lemur | Eulemur macaco | Tropical rainforests, dry deciduous forests, Madagascar | 42.5 |
| Mongoose Lemur | Eulemur mongoz | Dry deciduous forests, rainforests, Madagascar, Comoros Islands | 32.5 |
| Red-bellied Lemur | Eulemur rubriventer | Rainforests, eastern Madagascar | 38.5 |
| Steller Sea Lion | Eumetopias jubatus | Coastal waters, islands, North Pacific Ocean | 305 |
| Eurasian Beaver | Castor fiber | Rivers, lakes, wetlands, Europe and Asia | 85 |
| Eurasian Harvest Mouse | Micromys minutus | Grasslands, reed beds, cereal fields, Europe and Asia | 6.2 |
| Eurasian Lynx | Lynx lynx | Dense forests, mountains, Europe and Asia | 105 |
| Eurasian Pygmy Shrew | Sorex minutus | Woodlands, grasslands, heathlands, Europe and Asia | 5 |
| Eurasian Red Squirrel | Sciurus vulgaris | Coniferous and deciduous forests, woodlands, Europe and Asia | 21 |
| Eurasian Water Shrew | Neomys fodiens | Rivers, streams, ponds, wetlands, Europe and Asia | 8 |
| European Badger | Meles meles | Woodlands, forests, agricultural land, Europe and parts of Asia | 75 |
| European Bison | Bison bonasus | Woodlands, forests, Eastern Europe | 280 |
| European Hare | Lepus europaeus | Open fields, farmlands, grasslands, Europe and parts of Asia | 60 |
| European Hedgehog | Erinaceus europaeus | Woodlands, hedgerows, gardens, urban parks, Europe | 25 |
| European Mink | Mustela lutreola | Rivers, streams, wetlands, forests, Europe | 35 |
| European Mole | Talpa europaea | Woodlands, grasslands, gardens, Europe and Asia | 13.5 |
| European Otter | Lutra lutra | Rivers, lakes, coasts, Europe, Asia, North Africa | 76 |
| European Pine Marten | Martes martes | Forests, woodlands, Europe and parts of Asia | 51.5 |
| European Polecat | Mustela putorius | Woodlands, grasslands, farmlands, Europe and North Africa | 38 |
| European Rabbit | Oryctolagus cuniculus | Grasslands, woodlands, agricultural areas, Europe (introduced worldwide) | 42 |
| European Water Vole | Arvicola amphibius | Rivers, streams, canals, wetlands, Europe and parts of Asia | 19 |
| European Wildcat | Felis silvestris | Forests, woodlands, scrublands, Europe, Africa, Asia | 62.5 |
| Evening Bat | Nycticeius humeralis | Forests, woodlands, urban areas, eastern and central North America | 9 |
| Jaguarundi | Herpailurus yagouaroundi | Forests, shrublands, savannas, Central and South America | 63.5 |
Descriptions
Eastern Chipmunk
A small, striped rodent native to eastern North America. Known for its industrious foraging, stuffing its cheek pouches with nuts and seeds. They are solitary creatures, building complex burrows for shelter.
Eastern Cottontail
A common rabbit species found across eastern and central North America. They have soft, brownish fur, a white “cotton” tail, and are primarily nocturnal herbivores. Known for rapid zigzagging movements.
Eastern Gray Kangaroo
One of the largest marsupials, native to eastern Australia. They are powerful jumpers, using strong legs and tail for balance. Herbivores, they graze on grasses and shrubs, living in social groups called mobs.
Eastern Mole
A small, burrowing mammal found in eastern North America. Equipped with large, paddle-like front paws for digging, they create extensive tunnel systems underground in search of earthworms and insects. They have poor eyesight.
Eastern Quoll
A carnivorous marsupial native to Tasmania, distinctively covered in white spots. Primarily nocturnal, it preys on insects, small mammals, and birds. Once widespread on mainland Australia, it’s now endangered due to habitat loss.
Eastern Red Bat
A migratory bat species found across eastern North America, recognized by its reddish-brown fur. It typically roosts alone in trees, camouflaged as a dead leaf. They are insectivorous, primarily hunting moths and other flying insects.
Eastern Spotted Skunk
A small skunk species known for its black fur with broken white stripes or spots. When threatened, it performs a handstand before spraying a noxious musk. It is primarily nocturnal, feeding on insects and small rodents.
Short-beaked Echidna
A unique monotreme, one of only two egg-laying mammals, found in Australia and New Guinea. Covered in spines, it has a long snout used to sniff out ants and termites, its primary diet. Often called a “spiny anteater.”
Eastern Long-beaked Echidna
A critically endangered monotreme found in the highlands of New Guinea. It has a distinctive long, downward-curving snout, used for probing soft soil for earthworms. Larger than its short-beaked relative, it’s a rare egg-laying mammal.
Sir David’s Long-beaked Echidna
Named after Sir David Attenborough, this is the smallest and most critically endangered of the long-beaked echidnas, thought extinct until its 2023 rediscovery. Known only from a single specimen before that, it’s an extremely rare egg-laying mammal.
Western Long-beaked Echidna
The largest of the echidna species, found in the mountain forests of New Guinea. Like other long-beaked echidnas, it has a proboscis-like snout used to forage for earthworms. It is a critically endangered, egg-laying mammal.
Egyptian Fruit Bat
A large fruit bat species found across Africa and the Middle East. Unlike many bats, it uses echolocation by clicking its tongue. It plays a vital role in seed dispersal and pollination of various plants.
Egyptian Mongoose
A medium-sized carnivore native to Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Europe. Known for its long, slender body and pointed snout. It preys on small mammals, birds, reptiles (including snakes), and insects.
Egyptian Slit-faced Bat
A small insectivorous bat found in Africa and the Middle East, characterized by a deep groove or “slit” running down its face. This feature is thought to aid in echolocation. They typically roost in caves.
Egyptian Tomb Bat
A medium-sized bat species named for its preference for roosting in dark, sheltered places like tombs and ancient ruins. Found in parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, it is an insectivorous bat with strong flight.
African Straw-colored Fruit Bat
Also known as the African Straw-colored Fruit Bat, this is one of Africa’s most common and widely distributed fruit bats. They form massive colonies, sometimes numbering millions, playing a crucial role in seed dispersal.
Common Eland
The second-largest antelope species, native to eastern and southern Africa. Both sexes have spiraled horns. They are herbivores, grazing on grasses and leaves, and are known for their ability to jump over high fences despite their size.
Giant Eland
The world’s largest antelope, found in central and western Africa. Males have massive spiraled horns and a distinctive dewlap. They are shy, elusive herbivores, preferring dense woodlands. Both subspecies are considered endangered.
African Bush Elephant
The largest land animal on Earth, found across sub-Saharan Africa. Known for its massive size, large ears, and tusks, it plays a vital role in shaping ecosystems. Highly intelligent and social, living in matriarchal herds.
African Forest Elephant
A distinct, smaller species of African elephant, adapted to life in dense rainforests of central and western Africa. It has straighter, downward-pointing tusks and rounder ears compared to its bush elephant cousin. Critically endangered.
Asian Elephant
The largest land animal in Asia, with smaller ears and a more rounded back than African elephants. Found in South and Southeast Asia, it plays a key role as a “forest gardener” by dispersing seeds. Endangered due to habitat loss.
Northern Elephant Seal
A large pinniped found along the North Pacific coast. Males possess a large, inflatable proboscis or “elephant-like” nose, used to produce loud roars during mating season. They are deep divers, feeding on fish and squid.
Southern Elephant Seal
The largest carnivorous mammal, found in the Southern Ocean. Males have a large proboscis. Renowned for their incredible diving abilities, reaching depths of over 1,500 meters, they primarily hunt squid and fish.
Black and Rufous Elephant Shrew
Also known as the Rufous Sengi, this small mammal is native to East African forests. Despite its name, it’s not a true shrew but an elephant shrew (sengi). It has a long, flexible snout and feeds on insects.
Checkered Elephant Shrew
A distinctive elephant shrew found in central East Africa, characterized by its checkered pattern on the back. These small, insectivorous mammals have long snouts used for foraging. They are known for their fast, scurrying movements.
Four-toed Elephant Shrew
The most widespread elephant shrew species, found across eastern and southern Africa. Unlike many elephant shrews, it has four toes on its hind feet. It uses its long snout to find insects and relies on its speed.
Golden-rumped Elephant Shrew
A striking and endangered elephant shrew endemic to a small coastal forest region in Kenya. It is recognizable by the patch of golden-yellow fur on its rump. These insectivores are active during the day, foraging on the forest floor.
Round-eared Elephant Shrew
A small, agile elephant shrew native to arid regions of southern Africa. It has disproportionately large ears for its size, which aid in detecting predators and prey. It uses its long, flexible snout to find insects.
Elegant Water Shrew
A semi-aquatic shrew found in high-altitude regions of Southeast Asia. It is adapted for life in water, with webbed feet and a waterproof coat, allowing it to hunt aquatic insects and small fish in fast-flowing streams.
Garden Dormouse
Also known as the Garden Dormouse, this nocturnal rodent is found across Europe. It has a distinctive black mask around its eyes. Omnivorous, it feeds on insects, fruit, and nuts, and often hibernates during colder months.
Elk
Large deer species native to North America and East Asia. Males grow impressive antlers annually. Known for their bugling calls, especially during the rut. They are herbivores, grazing on grasses and browsing on shrubs.
Sea Otter
Also known as the Sea Otter, this marine mammal is the heaviest member of the weasel family. It has the densest fur of any animal, crucial for insulation in cold waters. They are tool-users, cracking shellfish on their chests.
Wahlberg’s Epauletted Fruit Bat
Also known as Wahlberg’s Epauletted Fruit Bat, this common African fruit bat is notable for the “epaulets” (tufts of hair) on the males’ shoulders, displayed during courtship. They are important seed dispersers in African ecosystems.
Franquet’s Epauletted Fruit Bat
Also known as Franquet’s Epauletted Fruit Bat, this species is found in central and western Africa. Like other epauletted bats, males have shoulder tufts. They are frugivorous, playing a role in forest regeneration through seed dispersal.
Big Brown Bat
Also known as the Big Brown Bat, this is one of the most common and widespread bat species in North America. It often roosts in buildings and caves, and is an efficient insectivore, consuming large numbers of agricultural pests.
Northern Bat
Also known as the Northern Bat, this medium-sized bat is found across northern Eurasia. It is one of the few bat species found north of the Arctic Circle. It preys on insects, using echolocation to navigate and hunt.
Domestic Donkey
Also known as the Donkey or Domestic Donkey, this domesticated equine is descended from African wild asses. Valued for its endurance and strength, it has been used by humans for transport and labor for thousands of years.
Domestic Horse
Also known as the Horse or Domestic Horse, this widespread domesticated ungulate has played a pivotal role in human history for transport, agriculture, and warfare. Descended from wild horses, they are highly intelligent social animals.
Grevy’s Zebra
The largest and most endangered zebra species, found in Kenya and Ethiopia. It has narrow, numerous stripes, a white belly, and large, rounded ears. Grevy’s zebras are grazers, preferring tougher grasses than other equids.
Onager
Also known as the Onager or Asian Wild Ass, this wild equid is native to deserts and arid regions of Asia and the Middle East. They are faster than donkeys and horses over short distances, and live in small herds.
Kiang
The largest of the wild asses, native to the Tibetan Plateau. It has a reddish-brown coat, dark mane, and white underparts. Kiangs are well-adapted to high-altitude environments, grazing on grasses and sedges in herds.
Plains Zebra
The most common and widespread zebra species, found across eastern and southern Africa. Each individual has a unique stripe pattern. Plains zebras live in family herds and are known for their spectacular migrations.
Mountain Zebra
Also known as the Mountain Zebra, this species is native to mountainous regions of southern Africa. It has a dewlap under its throat and a grid-iron pattern on its rump. They are agile climbers, well-adapted to rugged terrain.
North American Porcupine
Also known as the North American Porcupine, this rodent is famous for its coat of sharp quills, which it uses for defense. Primarily herbivorous, it feeds on bark, leaves, and buds. It’s the only porcupine in North America.
Amur Hedgehog
Also known as the Amur Hedgehog, this nocturnal insectivore is native to East Asia. Like other hedgehogs, it is covered in spines and rolls into a ball for defense. It hibernates during winter and feeds on insects.
Ermine
A small, agile carnivore also known as a Stoat, found in northern regions worldwide. Its fur turns white in winter, except for a black tail tip, providing camouflage in snow. It preys on small mammals and birds.
Gray Whale
Also known as the Gray Whale, this baleen whale is famous for its long annual migrations between Arctic feeding grounds and warmer breeding lagoons. It feeds by filtering small crustaceans from the seabed, leaving distinctive mud trails.
Ethiopian Highland Hare
A species of hare endemic to the high-altitude grasslands of the Ethiopian Highlands. It is adapted to cold, arid environments and is primarily nocturnal. It feeds on grasses and herbs, relying on camouflage and speed.
Ethiopian Wolf
Africa’s most endangered carnivore, found only in the high-altitude Ethiopian Highlands. It has a distinctive reddish coat and long legs. Primarily preys on rodents, particularly the giant mole-rat, and is a crucial part of its unique ecosystem.
Southern Right Whale
Also known as the Southern Right Whale, this large baleen whale is found in the Southern Hemisphere. It is known for the distinctive callosities on its head. Historically hunted to near extinction, populations are now recovering slowly.
North Atlantic Right Whale
Also known as the North Atlantic Right Whale, this critically endangered baleen whale inhabits the North Atlantic. It has a distinctive V-shaped blowhole and callosities. It faces severe threats from ship strikes and fishing gear.
North Pacific Right Whale
Also known as the North Pacific Right Whale, this is the rarest of the three right whale species, found in the North Pacific. Like its relatives, it has callosities on its head. It is critically endangered due to past whaling.
Spotted Bat
Also known as the Spotted Bat, this striking North American bat is easily recognized by its large pink ears and three prominent white spots on its black back. It is a moth specialist, using its echolocation calls to detect prey.
Thomson’s Gazelle
Also known as Thomson’s Gazelle, this swift antelope is common in the savannas of East Africa. It has a distinctive dark stripe along its flank. Known for its “pronking” behavior, it is a key prey animal for many predators.
Crowned Lemur
Also known as the Crowned Lemur, this primate is endemic to northern Madagascar. It gets its name from the distinctive V-shaped orange “crown” on its head. These arboreal lemurs feed on fruits, leaves, and flowers. Endangered.
Common Brown Lemur
Also known as the Common Brown Lemur, this species is widely distributed across Madagascar’s forests. They are highly adaptable, active both day and night, and feed on a varied diet of fruits, leaves, and nectar.
Black Lemur
Also known as the Black Lemur, found in northwestern Madagascar. Males have entirely black fur, while females are reddish-brown with white ear tufts. They are arboreal, feeding on fruits and leaves, and are critically endangered.
Mongoose Lemur
Also known as the Mongoose Lemur, this species is found in northwestern Madagascar and the Comoros Islands. It is unique for its cathemeral activity pattern, being active both day and night. Critically endangered, it feeds on fruit and flowers.
Red-bellied Lemur
Also known as the Red-bellied Lemur, this species is endemic to the rainforests of eastern Madagascar. Males have a reddish-brown belly, while females have lighter underparts. They live in small family groups and are primarily frugivorous.
Steller Sea Lion
Also known as the Steller Sea Lion, this is the largest of the eared seals, found in the North Pacific. Males have a thick neck and mane. They are powerful predators, feeding on fish and cephalopods, and gather in large rookeries to breed.
Eurasian Beaver
A large semi-aquatic rodent native to Europe and Asia. Known for its remarkable ability to build dams and lodges, dramatically altering landscapes. They are herbivores, feeding on tree bark, leaves, and aquatic plants.
Eurasian Harvest Mouse
A tiny rodent found across Europe and Asia, notable for its prehensile tail used to grasp stems. It builds distinctive woven nests suspended in tall grasses. They are omnivores, feeding on seeds, insects, and fruits.
Eurasian Lynx
The largest lynx species, found across Europe and Asia. It has a distinctive short tail, tufted ears, and spotted coat. A solitary, elusive predator, it primarily hunts deer, hares, and birds, relying on stealth.
Eurasian Pygmy Shrew
The smallest mammal in Europe, characterized by its tiny size and long, pointed snout. It has an incredibly high metabolism, requiring it to eat almost constantly. It primarily feeds on insects, spiders, and other invertebrates.
Eurasian Red Squirrel
A familiar tree-dwelling rodent found across Eurasia. Recognized by its reddish-brown fur and prominent ear tufts in winter. It mainly eats seeds from conifer cones, fungi, and nuts, often burying hoards for later.
Eurasian Water Shrew
The largest shrew in Europe, adapted for an aquatic lifestyle. It has stiff hairs on its feet and tail that act like paddles, allowing it to hunt aquatic insects, small fish, and amphibians in freshwater habitats.
European Badger
A stocky, nocturnal mammal found across Europe and parts of Asia, famous for its distinctive black and white striped face. They live in complex underground burrows called “setts” and are omnivorous, primarily feeding on earthworms.
European Bison
Europe’s largest land mammal, also known as the Wisent. Once nearly extinct, conservation efforts have brought it back. It is a large, shaggy bovine, primarily a browser, feeding on leaves, shoots, and bark in forests.
European Hare
A large hare species found across Europe and parts of Asia. Known for its speed and agility, often seen “boxing” during mating season. It is primarily nocturnal, feeding on grasses and crops, and relies on camouflage.
European Hedgehog
A well-known nocturnal insectivore found throughout Europe. Covered in thousands of spines, it rolls into a protective ball when threatened. It hibernates in winter and feeds on insects, slugs, and worms.
European Mink
A semi-aquatic carnivore native to Europe, closely related to the polecat. It is highly endangered due to habitat loss and competition from American mink. It preys on small mammals, amphibians, and fish along waterways.
European Mole
A small, burrowing insectivore found across Europe and parts of Asia. It creates extensive networks of underground tunnels, indicated by molehills, as it hunts earthworms and insect larvae. It has large, paddle-like forelimbs.
European Otter
A semi-aquatic mammal found across Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It has a sleek, streamlined body adapted for swimming and hunting fish, its primary prey. Otters are playful, solitary animals, often active at dawn and dusk.
European Pine Marten
A slender, agile carnivore native to Europe, known for its rich brown fur and creamy-yellow throat patch. An arboreal hunter, it preys on small mammals, birds, and insects, often found in mature forests.
European Polecat
A nocturnal carnivore found across Europe, recognized by its dark fur and distinct masked face. It preys on rabbits, rodents, and birds, often raiding farmyards. It is the wild ancestor of the domesticated ferret.
European Rabbit
A burrowing mammal native to southwestern Europe, now widely introduced globally. Known for its prolific breeding and colony-dwelling habits, living in warrens. It is a herbivore, primarily grazing on grasses.
European Water Vole
A large semi-aquatic vole found across Europe and parts of Asia, often mistaken for a rat. It is a herbivore, feeding on aquatic vegetation, and digs burrows into riverbanks. Populations have declined due to habitat loss.
European Wildcat
The wild ancestor of the domestic cat, found across Europe, Africa, and Asia. It is larger and more robust than domestic cats, with a distinctive bushy, blunt-ended tail. A solitary predator, it hunts rodents and birds.
Evening Bat
A common bat species native to eastern and central North America, often found roosting in trees, buildings, and attics. It is an insectivore, emerging early in the evening to forage for flying insects like beetles and moths.
Jaguarundi
Also known as the Eyra Cat, this wild cat is found in Central and South America. It has an unusually long, slender body and short legs, resembling a weasel more than a typical cat. It hunts small prey both on the ground and in trees.